Geomorphology and Environment Effects of Landslide Dams （Dammed Lakes）
详细信息
- 责任者：Yu Guoan (Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research ; Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Beijing 100101 ; China) ; Wang Zhaoyin
- 刊名：Advances in Earth Science
- 出版年：2010
- 卷期：25(9)
- 关键词：崩塌 ; avalanches ; 滑坡 ; landslides
- 页码：p.934-940
- 图表：3 illus., 39 refs.
- 分类号：1800
- issnNo：ISSN1001-8166
- isbnNo：CN62-1091/P
摘要
Landslide dams（dammed lakes） posses distinct geomorphologic and environmental effects,which can be grouped to short-term and long-term on time-scale,and mainly embody on hydrologic process,fluvial morphology,environment and ecology,and landscape.During the initial stage of landslide dams,the aquatic ecology and landscape often undergo some kinds of degradation since the pre-existing habitats were violently disturbed or even destroyed.Burst of landslide dams intensively change the hydrological process and fluvial morphology within a short time,and have strong negative impacts,even devastation,on downstream aquatic habitats,ecology and landscape.The landslide dams（dammed lakes） may be preserved for long term,and they will develop into knickpoints by long-term action of the flow,and act as a primary control of river bed incision,thus,reducing the potential of new landslide.Landslide dams（dammed lakes） which stably maintain in long-term scale greatly affect the fluvial morphology.Large knickpoints can totally change the fluvial processes and river morphology.Uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau has caused extensive channel bed incision along almost all rivers.For many rivers（such as the upstream Yangtze） the incision has been partly controlled by knickpoints.Upstream reaches of a knickpoint have a new and unchanging base level.If hundreds of landslide dams occurred simultaneously on a reach of a mountain river,the potential energy of bank failure and the slope erosion would be greatly reduced and sediment yield from the watershed might be reduced significantly.