The microstructure characterizations of pyrophyllite were investigated by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) coupled with selected area electron diffraction (SAED), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). The results are obtained: 1) major constituents of natural mineral from Qingtian pyrophyllite deposit are pyrophyllite and quartz, and the