The Termit Basin is a typical Mesozoic-Cenozoic intracontinental rift basin of the west and central African rift system. Using well and seismic data, this study analyzed the tectonic evolution of the basin based on structural and sedimentary records. The basin is characterized by border fault systems forming in Early Cretaceous and reactivating in Paleogene, and by intrarift ones developed in Paleogene. Four regional unconformities were identified at the base of Lower Cretaceous, Upper Cretaceous, Paleogene and Neogene-Quaternary strata, respectively. Structural and sedimentary characteristics indicate that the Termit Basin underwent polyphase rift evolution.