The Upper Permian Longtan Formation and the combined upper and lower strata in Yangtze Region, South China are as the research objects in the paper. It analyzed the distributed features of the resources of the shale gas and the CBM. It discussed the geological conditions of accumulation and the gather mode of the gas pool, and then optimized Yangtze Region as the favorable region to launch combined research and develop of the shale gas and the coalbed methane. The result showed that Longtan Formation is general developed in upper and lower Yangtze Region. The CBM resource in Eastern Yunnan and Western Guizhou provinces is very rich.