The Neoproterozoic mafic-ultramafic rocks are widely developed in the Fanjingshan region, southwestern margin of the Jiangnan orogen, the rocks are all belong to tholeiitic series and including pillow lava, mafic-ultramafic sills and hypabyssal intrusive, gabbro. The authors deduce that the gradation of Neoproterozoic magmatism in the Fanjingshan region is approximately as follow: pillow lava (～840 Ma)→S-type granite (～838 Ma)→calc-ultramafic sills→mafic sills→gabbro, the tectonic setting changed from subduction-collision to extended-rifting.