In this paper, the pollution of anomalous elements in soil in Minhe-Haishiwan, Qinghai and its potential ecological hazard were evaluated quantitatively through single factor pollution index method, Nemerow pollution index method and Hakanson potential ecological risk index method. Additionally, the ecological effect in anomalous areas was also discussed. The results show that the pollution factors of heavy metals are in order of Hg>Cd>Pb=Cr in the soil. The bioavailability of the anomalous elements follows the sequence of Cd>Hg>Pb. The potential ecological hazard of anomalous elements was as follows: Hg>Cd>Pb>Cr.