///With strengthening of the wish for sustainable development of the human society, the earth system science is playing leading role in development of the earth science in the new century. The authors are looking for the method to solve the entire behavior of the earth system. So we put forward the conceptions of earth system and earth system science. By virtue of the freedom, statistics, and combination research, the authors  research the order and harmony of the nature. By virtue of the entity, parameter, and layer of the earth, the authors reveal the material composition of the different layers, and explain the physical feature parameter of different infrastructure. By virtue of the geology, geophysics and geochemistry information research, the authors explore and develop the mineral material, make resource and hydro-ecological evaluation, and control pollution and monitor mining activity.