The rare earth element (REE) content of the ores and wall rocks from the sedimentary vanadium deposit in Northeast Guizhou Province is determined using plasma spectroscopy. The result shows that the REE contained in the ore - bearing rocks in this region is dominated by LREE, the amount of which is 1.45~3.09 times the amount of HREE. Studies of the REE content,composition,and Ce and Eu deficiencies on a variety of samples reveal that the sedimentary environment of the vanadium deposit is closer to the provenance than its top and bottom horizon, and that they differ significantly in the paleo - environment caused by the eustasy. Through comparison of the ore - forming environment, ore - forming souce, REE distribution of the vanadium - nickel - molybdenum platinum group element from Zunyi northern Guizhou Province, Jishou - Zhangjiajie in Hunan Province, it is revealed that the vanadium deposit in Northeast Guizhou Province is unique. This may provide a valuable reference for further studies of the relationships between vanadium and geochemical elements.