Low-degree metamorphic clastic rocks of the Neoproterozoic Xiajiang Group in southeastern Guizhou Province host numerous quartz vein type gold deposits and prospects. This paper conducted a systematic analysis of the trace elements and rare earth elements. Comparative study indicates that the Xiajiang Group is characterized by enrichment in As, Ba, Zr and Ti and depletion in Cr, Rb, Sr, Ta and Sc, and element association shows obvious similarity and inheritance from Fanzhao Formation to Pinglue Formation. In Addition, tuffaceous sequence in the Fanzhao and Pinglue formations has a high content of gold, and horizons which contain high contents of gold have a low REE content.