The Yangshan gold ore deposit, Wen County, Gansu lies in the south sub-zone of west Qinling, in the convergence-transformation place of three major massifs of Yangtze, North China and Songpan Ganzi, where tectonic background is very complicated. All major studies in the area have focused on the origin, features and ore-control models of gold deposits. It was the first time to perform systematic micro-scale research in the area, and this work centered on study of microstructures in the area, by which to reflect macrostructures. Major research contents and results include: 1)observation of microstructure features suggested substantial brittle- ductile change in the area; 2) microstructure dynamics indicated change in the mode of fracturing activity in the area, thus causing unconformity in shearing direction; 3)dynamic analysis implied primary stress in the direction of NW-NE, in line with that of regional primary stress reflected in macrostructures; dynamic recrystallization method gave calculated difference of 20MPa for ancient stress, possibly a reflection of late differential stress of shearing, and of relatively shallow structural level; 4)view ofmicrostructures supported at least four tectonic phases in the area, basically as they are shown in macrostructures.