Application of Full Azimuth Imaging to a Fractured Gas-Shale Play
- 出版年：2010
- 作者：Duane Dopkin
- 单位1：Paradigm Geophysical Ltd
- 语种：中文
- 作者关键词：seismic data；image integrity；gas-shale play；full azimuth imaging
- 起始页：13
- 总页数：5
- 刊名：岩性油气藏
- 是否内版：否
- 刊频：专刊
- 创刊时间：1989
- 主管单位：中国石油天然气集团公司
- 主办单位：中国石油集团西北地质研究所；甘肃省石油学会
- 主编：刘全新
- 地址：甘肃省兰州市雁儿湾路535号
- 邮编：730020
- 电子信箱：yxyqc@petrochina.com.cn
- 卷：22
- 期：5
- 期刊索取号：P450.6 211
摘要
The unconventional plays represent sources of huge opportunity for oil and gas companies and the global oil and gas economy. Established gas plays in shale formations in North America and other locations worldwide have achieved high visibility as technology plays with the successful application of fracture stimulations， micro-seismic data，geo-steered horizontals， and new completion strategies to characterize this distinctive class of unconventional plays.These successes can be carried over to emerging shale plays， creating new opportunities for the oil and gas industry toimprove the hydrocarbon recovery factor and mitigate the cost and risk associated with drilling activities.Surface seismic data can also play a substantive role in gas shale plays. More recently，rich and wide azimuth seismic surveys are being acquired to enhance the total value of these shale assets through improved imaging quality，resolution， and new deliverables including representations of fracture or stress orientation and intensity. While it is clear that the industry has made tremendous strides in sampling the surface with these rich seismic acquisitions， we cannot make the same claim with regard to the sampling of the subsurface. To accommodate the rich azimuths in legacy and modern onshore and offshore acquisitions， the industry has come to rely on acquisition sectoring of the recorded seismic data and the subsequent independent processing and imaging of these sectors （usually eight）. Unfortunately，the subsurface directional data， resolution， and image integrity that we need to preserve is compromised and biased by the limitations of the sectoring approach. As a consequence， the return on investment for these rich seismic acquisitions is compromised. To overcome these limitations，a fundamentally different imaging approach is required to provide geoscientists and engineers with new data and perspectives that can impact their exploration and production programs. To this end，a new technology， full azimuth decomposition and imaging， designed to sample the subsurface in every direction in acontinuous manner is proposed for application to gas shale reservoirs to secure a better understanding of subsurface stress directions and intensity. The process results in new data images that provide a novel way for interpreters to interact with seismic data and to characterize the shale plays with more confidence and with more data.A method is presented for generating full-azimuth， angle-dependent images of the subsurface using the full recorded wave field. The method produces full azimuth reflection angle gathers that are amenable to the determination of stress orientation and intensity by direct observation and new inversion procedures for HTI parameters within an efective velocity media