Understanding the three phases of water with imaging spectroscopy in the solar reflected energy spectrum
- 页数：219 p. :
- 第一责任说明：Robert Otis Green.
- 分类号：a490
MARC全文
62h0020801 20140522144548.0 cr un||||||||| 101018s2003 xx ||||f|||d||||||||eng | CNY371.35 (UnM)AAI3093543 UnM UnM NGL a490 Green, Robert Otis. Understanding the three phases of water with imaging spectroscopy in the solar reflected energy spectrum [electronic resource] / Robert Otis Green. 219 p. : digital, PDF file. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-06, Section: B, page: 2571. ; Chair: Jeff Dozier. Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of California, Santa Barbara, 2003. Water in the hydrological cycle is essential for life and water controls much of the energy absorption, storage and release in the Earth's environment. This dissertation, written as five standalone papers, investigates the expression and measurement of the vapor, liquid and solid phases of water with imaging spectroscopy in the solar reflected spectrum. Chapter 1 assesses the sensitivity of imaging spectroscopy measurements to atmospheric water vapor and shows a knowledge approaching 1% is necessary to derive surface reflectance spectra that are free of water vapor induced artifacts. Chapter 2 builds upon an understanding of water vapor spectroscopy to include the liquid and solid phases of water. A three phases of water algorithm was developed and applied to imaging spectroscopy measurements of Mount Rainier, Washington. Derived water vapor ranged from 0.73 to 10.36 precipitable mm and liquid water and ice ranged from 0 to 12.58 mm and 0 to 30.03 mm equivalent path absorption respectively. Chapter 3 formalizes the leverage of imaging spectroscopy to detect and assess spectral absorption feature shifts such as shifts in the 1030 nm snow absorption. Shifts of 1 nm and less were shown to be measurable in the absorption features of snow, vegetation and the mineral illite. Chapter 4 tests two radiative transfer snow reflectance models based upon the refractive index of ice and liquid water. The coated sphere model was shown to most closely match measured spectra of a frozen and melting snow sample. Chapter 5 uses the coated sphere snow model for derivation of grain size and liquid water fraction from two data sets acquired over the Sierra Nevada, California. The surface grain size ranged from 100 mm to 800 mm with a trend of fine to coarse from high to low elevation. Surface liquid water values ranged from 0 to 0.25 volume fraction also from high to low elevation. Comparison of the two data sets showed minor change in derived grain size, but considerable increase in melting in the later time acquisition. This dissertation explores the spectral characteristics and measurement of the three phases of water in the solar reflected spectrum based on fundamental optical properties. The reported spectral models, algorithms and parameters enable improved measurement, modeling, and understanding of the energy and hydrological roles of water in the Earth's environment. Hydrologic cycle. aDozier, Jeff. aCN bNGL http://pqdt.bjzhongke.com.cn/Detail.aspx?pid=YLEgG%2f0sJYc%3d NGL Bs662 rCNY371.35 ; h1 xhbs1003