重庆市中学生焦虑敏感现状及其影响因素分析
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摘要
目的研究重庆市中学生焦虑敏感的现状及其主要影响因素。方法采用横断面研究,应用焦虑敏感问卷中文版、青少年生活事件量表及特质-状态焦虑量表进行调查,研究对象来自重庆市12所中学58个班级的在校中学生,从初一到高三共计2700人,其中初中生占48.5%,高中生占51.5%;女生占50.8%,男生占49.2%。结果焦虑敏感水平没有显著的年级差异(P=0.49),但有性别差异,女生的焦虑敏感水平高于男生(P<0.001);多元逐步回归分析发现,学习压力、特质焦虑、性别、是否独生子女、人际关系、某些生活事件(不喜欢上学、失恋、与人打架、遭父母打骂)、状态焦虑等因素影响焦虑敏感水平的发展(标准回归系数分别为0.258、0.163、0.112、0.093、0.124、-0.096、0.096)。结论生活事件、性别、自身心理特征等因素可能会影响中学生焦虑敏感的水平。
Objective To explore the status and influencing factors on anxiety sensitivity among middle school students in Chongqing.Methods 58 classes from 12 schools were randomly selected in four administrative districts of Chongqing city.A total number of 2700 students was included for final analysis including 48.5 % from junior high school and 51.5% from senior high school students with 49.2% boys and 50.8% girls.The Chinese version of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revision,Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List(ASLEC)and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI)were used.Results(1) There was no significant difference between grade groups(P = 0.49).(2)The level of girl's anxiety sensitivity was always higher than boy's(P<0.001).(3)Data from multiple linear regression showed that the influential factors to the degree of anxiety sensitivity were:state of anxiety,trait anxiety,life events, sex,stress from learning,etc(standard coefficients of regression were 0.258,0.163,0.112,0.093,0.124, -0.096,0.096).Conclusion The major influential factors of anxiety sensitivity would include:sex, stress from learning,life events,interpersonal relationship,state of anxiety and trait anxiety.
Objective To explore the status and influencing factors on anxiety sensitivity among middle school students in Chongqing.Methods 58 classes from 12 schools were randomly selected in four administrative districts of Chongqing city.A total number of 2700 students was included for final analysis including 48.5 % from junior high school and 51.5% from senior high school students with 49.2% boys and 50.8% girls.The Chinese version of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revision,Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List(ASLEC)and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI)were used.Results(1) There was no significant difference between grade groups(P = 0.49).(2)The level of girl's anxiety sensitivity was always higher than boy's(P<0.001).(3)Data from multiple linear regression showed that the influential factors to the degree of anxiety sensitivity were:state of anxiety,trait anxiety,life events, sex,stress from learning,etc(standard coefficients of regression were 0.258,0.163,0.112,0.093,0.124, -0.096,0.096).Conclusion The major influential factors of anxiety sensitivity would include:sex, stress from learning,life events,interpersonal relationship,state of anxiety and trait anxiety.
引文
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[2]李茜茜,郭兰婷,冯正直,等.焦虑敏感问卷中文版的信度和效度分析.中国心理卫生杂志,2006,20(10):675-678.
[3]李茜茜,冯正直,张大均,等.焦虑敏感研究的现状.中国行为医学科学,2004,13(6):708-710.
[4]Christine DS,Murray BS.Developmental antecedents of anxiety sensitivity,Anxiety Disorder,2003,17(3):253-269.
[5]Carl F Weems,Chris Hayward,Joel Killen,et al.A longitudinal investigation of anxiety sensitivity in adolescence.J Abnormal Psychol,2002,111(3):471-477.
[6]Peter Muris,Harald Merckelbach,Cot Meesters.Learing experience and anxiety sensitivity in normal adolescents.J Psychopathol and Behavioral Assessment,2001,23(4):279-283.
[7]Schmidt NB.Prospective evaluation of anxiety sensitivity in the pathogenesis of panic:replication and extension.J Abnormal Psychol,1999,108(3):532-537.
[8]Spence SH.A measure of anxiety symptoms among children. Behaviour Research and Therapy,1998,36(5):545-566.
[9]Chorpita BF,Lilienfeld SO.Clinical assessment of anxiety sensitivity in children and adolescents:Where do we go from here? Psychological Assessment,1999,11(2):212-224.
[10]Wilson KG,Sandler LS,Asmundson GJ,et al.Panic attacks in the nonclinical population:An empirical approach to case identification.J Abnormal Psychol,1992,101(3):460-468.
[11]Lau JJ,Calamari JE,Waraczynski M.Panic attack symptomatology and anxiety sensitivity in adolescents.J Anxiety Disorders,1996,10(5):355-364.
[12]TaylorS,Koch WJ,Crockett DJ.Anxiety sensitivity,trait anxiety,and the anxiety disorders.J Anxiety Disorders,1991,5 (4):293-311.
[13]Weems CF,Hammond-Laurence K,Silverman Ginsburg.Testing the utility of the anxiety sensitivity construct in children and adolescents referred for anxiety disorders.J Clin Child Psychol, 1998,27(1):69-77.
[14]Deacon Valentiner.Dimensions of anxiety sensitivity and their relationship to nonclinical panic.J Psychopathol and Behavioral Assessment,2001,23(1):25-33.
[15]McNally RJ.Anxiety sensitivity is distinguishable from trait anxiety//Rapee RM.ed.Current controversies in the anxiety disorders,Guilford Press,New York,NY,1996:214-227.
[16]Schmidt NB,Lerew DR,Joiner TE.Anxiety sensitivity and the pathngenesis of anxiety and depression:Evidence for symptom specificity.Behaviour Research and Therapy,1998,36(2):165- 177.
[2]李茜茜,郭兰婷,冯正直,等.焦虑敏感问卷中文版的信度和效度分析.中国心理卫生杂志,2006,20(10):675-678.
[3]李茜茜,冯正直,张大均,等.焦虑敏感研究的现状.中国行为医学科学,2004,13(6):708-710.
[4]Christine DS,Murray BS.Developmental antecedents of anxiety sensitivity,Anxiety Disorder,2003,17(3):253-269.
[5]Carl F Weems,Chris Hayward,Joel Killen,et al.A longitudinal investigation of anxiety sensitivity in adolescence.J Abnormal Psychol,2002,111(3):471-477.
[6]Peter Muris,Harald Merckelbach,Cot Meesters.Learing experience and anxiety sensitivity in normal adolescents.J Psychopathol and Behavioral Assessment,2001,23(4):279-283.
[7]Schmidt NB.Prospective evaluation of anxiety sensitivity in the pathogenesis of panic:replication and extension.J Abnormal Psychol,1999,108(3):532-537.
[8]Spence SH.A measure of anxiety symptoms among children. Behaviour Research and Therapy,1998,36(5):545-566.
[9]Chorpita BF,Lilienfeld SO.Clinical assessment of anxiety sensitivity in children and adolescents:Where do we go from here? Psychological Assessment,1999,11(2):212-224.
[10]Wilson KG,Sandler LS,Asmundson GJ,et al.Panic attacks in the nonclinical population:An empirical approach to case identification.J Abnormal Psychol,1992,101(3):460-468.
[11]Lau JJ,Calamari JE,Waraczynski M.Panic attack symptomatology and anxiety sensitivity in adolescents.J Anxiety Disorders,1996,10(5):355-364.
[12]TaylorS,Koch WJ,Crockett DJ.Anxiety sensitivity,trait anxiety,and the anxiety disorders.J Anxiety Disorders,1991,5 (4):293-311.
[13]Weems CF,Hammond-Laurence K,Silverman Ginsburg.Testing the utility of the anxiety sensitivity construct in children and adolescents referred for anxiety disorders.J Clin Child Psychol, 1998,27(1):69-77.
[14]Deacon Valentiner.Dimensions of anxiety sensitivity and their relationship to nonclinical panic.J Psychopathol and Behavioral Assessment,2001,23(1):25-33.
[15]McNally RJ.Anxiety sensitivity is distinguishable from trait anxiety//Rapee RM.ed.Current controversies in the anxiety disorders,Guilford Press,New York,NY,1996:214-227.
[16]Schmidt NB,Lerew DR,Joiner TE.Anxiety sensitivity and the pathngenesis of anxiety and depression:Evidence for symptom specificity.Behaviour Research and Therapy,1998,36(2):165- 177.
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