三峡库区滑坡土体降雨产流及入渗试验研究
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摘要
三峡库区滑坡地质灾害数量众多,主要诱因为降雨。以该地区具有代表性的土质滑坡土体为对象,综合考虑了三峡库区1971年至2003年的230次滑坡地质灾害与降雨因素之间的关系,进行了室内降雨模型试验的设计,以探究其降雨产流及入渗规律。通过对试验结果的综合分析及比较,揭示了相应试验工况下的降雨产流及饱和-非饱和-非稳定入渗规律、地表冲刷及裂缝发育情况,同时也分析了降雨强度、前期累计降雨量及坡角三个因子对降雨过程中的坡面产流及入渗的影响。
There are numerous geologic hazards from landslide in Three Gorges Reservoir area, and the main inducement is rainfall.Here,taking the typical soil of this district's landslide as the object,and considering the relationship between the 230 geologic hazards from landslide and the rainfall in Three Gorges Reservoir area synthetically, a series of indoor rainfall's model tests is carried out to explore the rainfall runoff and infiltration law of landslide soil.With the synthetical analysis and comparison to the results of the tests, the rainfall runoff law and saturated-unsaturated and unsteady infiltration law under corresponding test conditions are revealed, and the conditions of the surface erosion and fracture's development under the corresponding test conditions are also revealed in detail. Simultaneously, the influencing ways of the rainfall intensity and cumulative rainfall and slope angle to the surface runoff and infiltration in rain process are analyzed.
There are numerous geologic hazards from landslide in Three Gorges Reservoir area, and the main inducement is rainfall.Here,taking the typical soil of this district's landslide as the object,and considering the relationship between the 230 geologic hazards from landslide and the rainfall in Three Gorges Reservoir area synthetically, a series of indoor rainfall's model tests is carried out to explore the rainfall runoff and infiltration law of landslide soil.With the synthetical analysis and comparison to the results of the tests, the rainfall runoff law and saturated-unsaturated and unsteady infiltration law under corresponding test conditions are revealed, and the conditions of the surface erosion and fracture's development under the corresponding test conditions are also revealed in detail. Simultaneously, the influencing ways of the rainfall intensity and cumulative rainfall and slope angle to the surface runoff and infiltration in rain process are analyzed.
引文
[1]叶殿秀,张强,朱蓉.三峡库区强降雨诱发地质灾害研究[M].北京:气象出版社,2005:97-106.
[2]刘传正,刘艳军,温铭生,等.长江三峡库区地质灾害成因与评价研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2007:88-107.
[3]郭希哲,黄学斌,徐开祥,等.三峡工程库区崩滑地质灾害防治[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007:18-152.
[4]廖巍,刘新喜.三峡库区滑坡稳定性评价研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(9):104-107.
[5]吴宏伟,陈守义,庞宇威.雨水入渗对非饱和土坡稳定性影响的参数研究[J].岩土力学报,1999,20(1):1-14.
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[8]三峡库区地质灾害防治工作指挥部.湖北省秭归县沙镇溪镇千将坪滑坡[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2003,14(3).
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[10]耿晓东,郑粉莉,张会茹.红壤坡面降雨入渗及产流产沙特征试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(4):39-43.
[11]穆天亮,王全九,王辉.黄土坡面定雨强入渗产流物理基础模型研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(10):199-203.
[12]付智勇,李朝霞,蔡崇法,等.三峡库区不同厚度紫色土坡耕地产流机制分析[J].水科学进展,2011,22(5):680-688.
[13]龙天渝,卢齐齐,王玉霞.人工模拟暴雨条件下紫色土坡耕地入渗过程研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2011,30(2):76-79.
[14]史志华,陈利顶,杨长春,等.三峡库区土质道路侵蚀产沙过程的模拟降雨试验[J].生态学报,2009,29(12):6785-6792.
[15]田东方,刘德富,周明涛.边坡降雨入渗与坡面径流影响因素敏感性分析[J].水力发电,2010,36(4):11-14.
[2]刘传正,刘艳军,温铭生,等.长江三峡库区地质灾害成因与评价研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2007:88-107.
[3]郭希哲,黄学斌,徐开祥,等.三峡工程库区崩滑地质灾害防治[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007:18-152.
[4]廖巍,刘新喜.三峡库区滑坡稳定性评价研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(9):104-107.
[5]吴宏伟,陈守义,庞宇威.雨水入渗对非饱和土坡稳定性影响的参数研究[J].岩土力学报,1999,20(1):1-14.
[6]谢守益,徐卫亚.降雨诱发滑坡机制研究[J].武汉水利电力大学学报,1999,32(1):21-23.
[7]殷坤龙,汪洋,唐仲华.降雨对滑坡的作用机理及动态模拟研究[J].地质科技情报,2002,21(1):75-78.
[8]三峡库区地质灾害防治工作指挥部.湖北省秭归县沙镇溪镇千将坪滑坡[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2003,14(3).
[9]乔娟,罗先启,张立仁,等.三峡库区水环境对库岸斜坡失稳的作用机理探讨[J].水科学与工程技术,2005,(6):22-25.
[10]耿晓东,郑粉莉,张会茹.红壤坡面降雨入渗及产流产沙特征试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(4):39-43.
[11]穆天亮,王全九,王辉.黄土坡面定雨强入渗产流物理基础模型研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(10):199-203.
[12]付智勇,李朝霞,蔡崇法,等.三峡库区不同厚度紫色土坡耕地产流机制分析[J].水科学进展,2011,22(5):680-688.
[13]龙天渝,卢齐齐,王玉霞.人工模拟暴雨条件下紫色土坡耕地入渗过程研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2011,30(2):76-79.
[14]史志华,陈利顶,杨长春,等.三峡库区土质道路侵蚀产沙过程的模拟降雨试验[J].生态学报,2009,29(12):6785-6792.
[15]田东方,刘德富,周明涛.边坡降雨入渗与坡面径流影响因素敏感性分析[J].水力发电,2010,36(4):11-14.
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