基于RS和GIS的重庆市北碚区城市扩展规律研究与预测
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摘要
该文以不同时相的遥感影像数据作为主要的数据源,采用监督分类和人工目视解译相结合的方法,提取北碚区城市建成区范围,并运用GIS空间分析方法和数理统计方法,分析北碚区2004—2014年城市建成区变化的数量特征和空间特征。结果表明:在2004—2014年10年间,北碚区城市建成区面积增加了91.2%,2004—2007年扩展2.85 km2,年均增长0.95 km2,扩展速度较快;2007—2010年扩展了1.57 km2,年平均增长0.52 km2,扩展速度缓慢;2010—2014年扩展了3.85 km2,年均增长1.28km2,增长速度较快。北碚区城市扩展受到缙云山脉和中梁山脉的阻隔,城市扩展沿着缙云山脉和中梁山脉中间的槽谷地带分别向歇马镇、东阳镇方向扩展。通过对北碚区城市扩展驱动力研究表明:地形因素对北碚区城市扩展方向及形态起着限制性作用,经济发展和城市人口的增长是北碚区城市扩展的主要动力,交通基础设施建设、固定资产投资以及政策等因素也对北碚区城市扩展起着一定的影响。通过建立多元线性回归模型,对北碚区2020年城市建成区面积进行预测表明:北碚区2020年城市建成区面积将达到23.08 km2。
This paper used different times of remote sensing images as data source, applied the method of supervised classification combined with artificial vision imagery understanding, to extract the urban built-up area, and adopted GIS spatial analysis and statistical methods to analysis the quantity feature and spatial feature of changes in the built-up area of Beibei. Results show that: during the 10 years from 2004 to 2014, the urban built-up area of Beibei increased 91.2%, during the period from 2004 to 2007, the urban built-up area of Beibei expanded 2.85 km2, average annual growth of 0.95 km2, the speed of expansion is relatively fast; during the period from 2007 to 2010, the urban built-up area of Beibei expanded 1.57 km2, average annual growth of 0.52 km2, the speed of expansion is relatively slow; during the period from 2010 to 2014, the urban built-up area of Beibei expanded 3.85 km2, average annual growth of 1.28 km2, the speed of expansion is relatively fast. The urban expansion of Beibei is cut off by Jin Yun Mountain and Zhong Liang Mountain. The urban built-up area expands along the valley between Jin Yun Mountain and Zhong Liang Mountain to the direction of Xie Ma town and Dong Yang town. Through the research on the driving forces of urban expansion in Beibei show that: terrain plays a limited role on the propagation of the built-up area, population growth and society economic growth are the main driver of extension, the traffic infrastructure construction, fixed assets investment and policy also play a certain influence on the urban expansion. By establishing a multiple linear regression model, the urban built-up area of Beibei in 2020 was predicted, which showed that the urban built-up area of Beibei District in 2020 will reach 23.08 km2.
This paper used different times of remote sensing images as data source, applied the method of supervised classification combined with artificial vision imagery understanding, to extract the urban built-up area, and adopted GIS spatial analysis and statistical methods to analysis the quantity feature and spatial feature of changes in the built-up area of Beibei. Results show that: during the 10 years from 2004 to 2014, the urban built-up area of Beibei increased 91.2%, during the period from 2004 to 2007, the urban built-up area of Beibei expanded 2.85 km2, average annual growth of 0.95 km2, the speed of expansion is relatively fast; during the period from 2007 to 2010, the urban built-up area of Beibei expanded 1.57 km2, average annual growth of 0.52 km2, the speed of expansion is relatively slow; during the period from 2010 to 2014, the urban built-up area of Beibei expanded 3.85 km2, average annual growth of 1.28 km2, the speed of expansion is relatively fast. The urban expansion of Beibei is cut off by Jin Yun Mountain and Zhong Liang Mountain. The urban built-up area expands along the valley between Jin Yun Mountain and Zhong Liang Mountain to the direction of Xie Ma town and Dong Yang town. Through the research on the driving forces of urban expansion in Beibei show that: terrain plays a limited role on the propagation of the built-up area, population growth and society economic growth are the main driver of extension, the traffic infrastructure construction, fixed assets investment and policy also play a certain influence on the urban expansion. By establishing a multiple linear regression model, the urban built-up area of Beibei in 2020 was predicted, which showed that the urban built-up area of Beibei District in 2020 will reach 23.08 km2.
引文
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[16]汪潇,王培鑫.基于GIS的城市扩展特征及驱动力分析——以河南省巩义市为例[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(36):330-333,350.
[2]刘翔未.银川城市用地扩展研究[D].太原理工大学,2008.
[3]李治,李国平.中国城市空间扩展影响因素的实证研究[J].同济大学学报:社会科学版,2008,19(6):30-41.
[4]梅安新,彭望琭,秦其明,等.遥感导论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
[5]杜培军,陈云浩,王行风,等.遥感科学与进展[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2007.
[6]Masek J G,Goward S N,Lindsay F E.Dynamics of urban growth in the Washington DC metropolitan area,1973-1996,from Landsat observations[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2000,21(8):3473-3486.
[7]Weber C,Puissant A.Urbanization pressure and modeling of urban growth:Example of the Tunis metropolitan area[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2003,24(6):341-352.
[8]Barry N.H,Ann Rafter.Urban growth analysis and modeling in the Kathmandu Valley,Nepal[J].Habital International,2006,30(4):1056-1065.
[9]黎夏,叶嘉安.利用遥感监测和分析珠江三角洲的城市扩张过程——以东莞市为例[J].地理研究,1997(4):57-63.
[10]汪小钦,徐涵秋,陈祟成.福清市城市时空扩展的遥感监测及其动力机制[J].福州大学学报:自然科学版,2000,28(2):111-115.
[11]John J.Pierce.Conversion of rural land to urban:a Canadian Profile[J].Professional GeograPher,1981,33(2):163-170.
[12]刘盛和,何书金.土地利用动态变化的空间分析测算模型[J].自然资源学报,2002,17(5):533-540.
[13]顾朝林.北京土地利用灌盖变化机制研究[J].自然资源学报,1999,14(4):307-312.
[14]王厚军,李小玉,张祖陆,等.1979-2006年沈阳市城市空间扩展过程分析[J].应用气象学报,2008,29(3):278-279.
[15]于洁.晋城市主城区城市用地扩展驱动力研究[D].太原:山西农业大学,2015.
[16]汪潇,王培鑫.基于GIS的城市扩展特征及驱动力分析——以河南省巩义市为例[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(36):330-333,350.
目录