云南香格里拉县不同生境小型兽类群落多样性特征
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摘要
目的研究香格里拉县小型兽类动物群落结构及多样性特征。方法用群落生态学方法计算群落结构、多样性和相似性指数。结果 2011年6—7月,在该地区4类不同生态环境中,捕获小型兽类425只,包括4目7科14属21种;多样性分析结果表明,4种不同生境的Shannon-Winner多样性指数0.385 7~1.953 7,Pielou均匀度指数0.556 4~0.786 2,Simpson优势度指数0.180 9~0.774 3,Margalef丰富度指数0.050 1~2.393 8;Whittaker群落相似性指数显示,林区与农耕地生境小兽群落相似性相对较高,居民区和高山灌丛草甸小兽群落完全不同。结论香格里拉县小型兽类群落物种组成和多样性因生境条件的差异而不同,多样性以林区生境最高,高山灌丛草甸次之,农耕地及居民区较低。
Objective To study community structure and diversity of small mammal communities in Shangrila County. Methods A series of ecological methods were involved in this paper to calculate community structure, diversity and similari-ty. Results From June to July, 2011, a total of 425 individuals were captured, including 21 species of 14 genera, 7 families of 4 orders in four different ecological habitats in the area. The results of analysis of diversity of small mammal communities showed that the index was 0.385 7 to 1.953 7 of Shannon-Wiener diversity, 0.556 4 to 0.786 2 of Pielou evenness, 0.180 9 to 0.774 3 of Simpson dominance, and 0.050 1 to 2.393 8 of Margalef richness. Compared with the community similarity index of Whittaker, it was relatively high for the small mammal community in the forest and the farmland habitat, while it was completely different for the small mammal community in residents and alpine shrub meadow. Conclusions Species composition and diversity of small mammal community are different due to the habitat differences. Diversity of the small mammal species is the highest in the forest habitat, then in alpine shrub and meadow, it is low in farmland and residential area in Shangrila County.
Objective To study community structure and diversity of small mammal communities in Shangrila County. Methods A series of ecological methods were involved in this paper to calculate community structure, diversity and similari-ty. Results From June to July, 2011, a total of 425 individuals were captured, including 21 species of 14 genera, 7 families of 4 orders in four different ecological habitats in the area. The results of analysis of diversity of small mammal communities showed that the index was 0.385 7 to 1.953 7 of Shannon-Wiener diversity, 0.556 4 to 0.786 2 of Pielou evenness, 0.180 9 to 0.774 3 of Simpson dominance, and 0.050 1 to 2.393 8 of Margalef richness. Compared with the community similarity index of Whittaker, it was relatively high for the small mammal community in the forest and the farmland habitat, while it was completely different for the small mammal community in residents and alpine shrub meadow. Conclusions Species composition and diversity of small mammal community are different due to the habitat differences. Diversity of the small mammal species is the highest in the forest habitat, then in alpine shrub and meadow, it is low in farmland and residential area in Shangrila County.
引文
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[7]Whittaker RH,Levin SA.The role of mosaic phenomena in natural communities[J].Theor Biol,1977,12:117-139.
[8]张美文,王凯荣,王勇,等.洞庭湖区鼠类群落的物种多样性分析[J].生态学报,2003,23(11):2260-2270.
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[10]王淯,王小明,胡锦矗,等.唐家河自然保护区小型兽类群落结构[J].兽类学报,2003,23(1):39-44.
[11]傅和平,武晓东,杨泽龙,等.阿拉善地区不同生境小型兽类群落多样性研究[J].兽类学报,2005,25(1):32-38.
[2]夏武平,李清涛.东北老采伐迹地的类型及鼠类区系的初步研究[J].动物学报,1957,9(4):283-290.
[3]Margalef R.Information theory in ecology[J].General Systematic,1958,3:36-71.
[4]Putman RJ,Wratten SD.Principles of Ecology[M].Great Britain:Billing and Sons Limited,Worcester,1984:320-336.
[5]Jhon A,james F.统计生态学[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学出版社,1990:58-60.
[6]Schenier SM.Measuring pattern diversity[J].Ecology,1992,73(5):1860-1867.
[7]Whittaker RH,Levin SA.The role of mosaic phenomena in natural communities[J].Theor Biol,1977,12:117-139.
[8]张美文,王凯荣,王勇,等.洞庭湖区鼠类群落的物种多样性分析[J].生态学报,2003,23(11):2260-2270.
[9]赵志模,郭依泉.群落生态学原理及方法[M].重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社,1990:173-280.
[10]王淯,王小明,胡锦矗,等.唐家河自然保护区小型兽类群落结构[J].兽类学报,2003,23(1):39-44.
[11]傅和平,武晓东,杨泽龙,等.阿拉善地区不同生境小型兽类群落多样性研究[J].兽类学报,2005,25(1):32-38.
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