贵州草海湿地730ka来的环境变迁及草海未来的演化分析
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摘要
本研究通过对草海湿地730 ka以来的气候、水域面积、植被等方面的研究,总结出草海湿地的生态环境演化规律。本研究认为草海盆地发育与环境演变的主要影响因素有地质构造作用、全球气候变迁和近代人类活动的影响三方面,且地质构造运动起控制作用。草海湿地现在处于第四纪间冰期,总的气候环境属于温湿气候,同时,其处于小气候旋回的干凉期末期,所以其总体上处于较差的自然生态环境。草海湿地在未来10 ka,其小气候旋回将从干凉期转变为温湿期,自然生态环境将会自然恢复,但要加强草海湿地生态保护,如减少人为取水、污水处理达标后排放等措施。草海湿地受到构造运动(青藏高原隆起)、全球气候变迁和近代人类活动影响,水域面积从600—700 ka BP期间的150km~2,减少到目前的20.98 km~2,草海湿地有不断向东南减小的趋势,它在几万年后有可能自然消失。
On the basis of climatic change,distribution area and plant content of Caohai Lake,ecological environmental change of Caohai Lake,Guizhou Province from 730 ka to present was discussed in the paper.There were some conclusions that were showed as follows on this article.There are three main factors that influence the development and environmental evolution of the Caohai Lake basin,for instance,the geological tectonic movement effect,the global climate change and human beings activities in modern times;especially the tectonic movement is a main controlling factor.And then,climate belongs to Quaternary interval glacial epoch with warm and humid environment in present.At the same time,its climate is located at last epoch of second scale climate cycle(dry and cold climate).And the Caohai Lake's climate and ecology is generally odious in present,but the ecological environment of the Caohai Lake will return to well with climate changing from dry and cold to warm and humid after 10 ka.However,the ecological protection measures were put forward for the Caohai Lake,such as reducing artificial taken water and the domestic sewage and industrial wastewater treatment up to emission standard.Additionally,the Caohai Lake has been removing from west to east because of tectonic movement(such as the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau),the global climate change and human beings activities.And distribution area of Caohai Lake has been reducing from 150 km~2 during 600—700 ka BP to 20.98 km~2 at present;there would have a slowly decreasing trend toward southeast in the distribution area of Caohai Lake as well.Therefore,the Caohai Lake would vanish on some day in the future.
On the basis of climatic change,distribution area and plant content of Caohai Lake,ecological environmental change of Caohai Lake,Guizhou Province from 730 ka to present was discussed in the paper.There were some conclusions that were showed as follows on this article.There are three main factors that influence the development and environmental evolution of the Caohai Lake basin,for instance,the geological tectonic movement effect,the global climate change and human beings activities in modern times;especially the tectonic movement is a main controlling factor.And then,climate belongs to Quaternary interval glacial epoch with warm and humid environment in present.At the same time,its climate is located at last epoch of second scale climate cycle(dry and cold climate).And the Caohai Lake's climate and ecology is generally odious in present,but the ecological environment of the Caohai Lake will return to well with climate changing from dry and cold to warm and humid after 10 ka.However,the ecological protection measures were put forward for the Caohai Lake,such as reducing artificial taken water and the domestic sewage and industrial wastewater treatment up to emission standard.Additionally,the Caohai Lake has been removing from west to east because of tectonic movement(such as the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau),the global climate change and human beings activities.And distribution area of Caohai Lake has been reducing from 150 km~2 during 600—700 ka BP to 20.98 km~2 at present;there would have a slowly decreasing trend toward southeast in the distribution area of Caohai Lake as well.Therefore,the Caohai Lake would vanish on some day in the future.
引文
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