贵州万山汞矿大水溪溪流生态系统苔藓植物研究
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摘要
经野外采集和鉴定分析,贵州万山汞矿大水溪溪流生态系统苔藓植物由12科20属38种(含变种亚种)组成;其中,藓类含10科18属36种,苔类2科2属2种。丛藓科和真藓科为优势科,石灰藓属、真藓属、泽藓属为优势属。生活型含矮丛集型(44.74%)、高丛集型(36.84%)、交织型(13.16%)和平铺型(5.26%)4种类型。地理区系成分共7种,其中北温带分布、中国特有和热带亚洲为主要的地埋区系成分,具强烈的温热带性质,与该区地理位置和气候条件等相吻合,与种子植物的区系分布特点也一致。
38 taxa in 22 genera of 12 families were found in Dashuixi stream ecosystem of Wanshan Mercury deposit,Guizhou province,P.R.China.Among them,36 taxa in 20 genera and 10 families are mosses while 2 species in 2 genera and 2 families are liverworts.Pottiaceae and Bryaceae were dominat families while Hydrogonium,Bryum and Philonotis are dominat genera.The life-forms are Short turfs(44.74%),Wefts(13.16%),Tall turfs(36.84%),Mats(5.26%) and.There were 7 geographical elements of the flora such as Cosmopolitan,Tropical Asia,North Temperate,Temperate Asia,Eastern Asia,Pantropical elements and Endemic to China.Among of them,North Temperate,Endemic to China and Tropical Asia were dominat elements.The bryoflora obviously shows the temperate and tropical characters are similar to the flora of seed plants,locations and weather conditions.
38 taxa in 22 genera of 12 families were found in Dashuixi stream ecosystem of Wanshan Mercury deposit,Guizhou province,P.R.China.Among them,36 taxa in 20 genera and 10 families are mosses while 2 species in 2 genera and 2 families are liverworts.Pottiaceae and Bryaceae were dominat families while Hydrogonium,Bryum and Philonotis are dominat genera.The life-forms are Short turfs(44.74%),Wefts(13.16%),Tall turfs(36.84%),Mats(5.26%) and.There were 7 geographical elements of the flora such as Cosmopolitan,Tropical Asia,North Temperate,Temperate Asia,Eastern Asia,Pantropical elements and Endemic to China.Among of them,North Temperate,Endemic to China and Tropical Asia were dominat elements.The bryoflora obviously shows the temperate and tropical characters are similar to the flora of seed plants,locations and weather conditions.
引文
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[2]张梁.贵州万山特区贵州汞矿存在的问题与建议[EB/OL].http://www.cctd.com.cn/detail/03/10/13/00005706/content.html,2010-3-7.
[3]吴攀,刘丛强,张国平,等.黔西北炼锌地区河流重金属污染特征[J].农业环境保护,2002,21(5):443-446.
[4]彭景权,肖唐付,李航,等.黔西南滥木厂铊矿化区河流沉积物中重金属污染及其潜在生态危害[J].地球与环境,2007,35(3):247-254.
[5]张晓军,胡明安.大冶铁山地区河流水体及水系沉积物中重金属元素分布特征[J].地质科技情报,2006,25(2):89-92.
[6]张国平,刘丛强,吴攀,等.贵州万山汞矿尾矿堆及地表水的环境地球化学特征[J].矿物学报,2004,24(3):231-238.
[7]胡人亮.苔藓植物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1987:441.
[8]Shaw A J.Metal tolerance in bryophytes.In:Shaw,A.J.(Ed.),Heavy metal tolerance in plants:Evolutionaryaspects[M].CRC Press,Boca Raton,FL,1990:133-152.
[9]Shacklette HT.Substrate relationships of some bryophytecommunities on Latouche Island,Alaska[J].Bryologist,1961,64:1-16.
[10]李冰,张朝晖.贵州烂泥沟金矿区苔藓植物及其生态修复潜力分析[J].热带亚热带植物学,2008,16(6):51 1-51.
[11]汪文云,张朝晖.贵州水银洞卡林型金矿苔藓植物研究[J].黄金,2002,29(6):8-12.
[12]赵传海,张朝晖.安徽铜陵狮子山铜矿苔藓植物研究[J].贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2006,24(2):7-12.
[13]周灵燕,张朝晖.云南东川拖布卡一播卡金矿与汤丹铜矿区苔藓植物比较研究[J].黄金地质,2007,28(8):10-13.
[14]刘荣相,张朝晖.贵州东南部喀斯特汞金矿带苔藓植物及其重金属富集特征[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(1):41-47.
[15]陈肖鹏,王智慧,张朝晖.贵州木油厂白云岩型汞矿苔藓植物研究[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(2):162-169.
[16]仇广乐.贵州省典型汞矿地区汞的环境地球化学研究[D].贵阳:中国科学院地球化学研究所,2005,14.
[17]吴征镒,王荷生.中国自然地理——中国地理学(上册)[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:1125.
[18]Magdefrau K.Life-forms of bryophytes[A].In:Smith,A.J.E.(ed.)Bryophyte Ecology[C].London/NewYork:Chapman and Hall,1982:45-58.
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