2007年重庆市流行性乙型脑炎流行病学特征分析与控制策略探讨
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摘要
目的了解2007年重庆市流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)发病特点,探讨乙脑流行高发地区开展防控工作的新途径。方法利用乙脑专病报告系统数据,采用横断面分析方法,结合血清学结果,描述、分析重庆市乙脑发病流行病学特征。结果2007年重庆市共报告乙脑344例,发病率为1.09/10万。病例呈散发,具有明显季节特征,多集中在7-8月。猪血清抗体检测,50%阳转率出现在7月下旬,8月下旬阳转率达100%,自然感染率低。结论2007年重庆市乙脑发病处于低流行期,加强常规免疫接种,同时对10岁以下儿童开展查漏补种工作,做好媒介生物监测与健康人群、宿主动物血清实验室检测,完善乙脑报告管理系统,采取综合性的防治措施是控制乙脑暴发、流行的有效手段。
Objective To learn the epidemiology characteristic of Japanese encephalitis(JE) in Chonqing in 2007 and explore new control method in high-risk areas.Methods Describe and analyze the epidemiology characteristic of JE in Chongqing based on the data of JE cases national reporting system and the serological detection results by cross sectional analysis method.Results 344 cases were reported in Chongqing and the incidence rate was 1.09 per 100 000 persons.It was a sporadic distribution and most cases were reported from July to August which showed a seasonal characteristic.The PCR results of swine serum samples indicated that half samples turned to be positive in late July and totally positive in late August.The natural infection rate of swine by JEV was low.Conclusion The prevalence of JE was lower in 2007,however,it was essential and necessary that we should take effectively integrated measures to control outbreak and prevalence of JE,such as strengthening routine immunization and supplementary immunization for children aged below 10,developing mosquito surveillance and serological test of common people and pigs,and improving the reporting and management system of JE.
Objective To learn the epidemiology characteristic of Japanese encephalitis(JE) in Chonqing in 2007 and explore new control method in high-risk areas.Methods Describe and analyze the epidemiology characteristic of JE in Chongqing based on the data of JE cases national reporting system and the serological detection results by cross sectional analysis method.Results 344 cases were reported in Chongqing and the incidence rate was 1.09 per 100 000 persons.It was a sporadic distribution and most cases were reported from July to August which showed a seasonal characteristic.The PCR results of swine serum samples indicated that half samples turned to be positive in late July and totally positive in late August.The natural infection rate of swine by JEV was low.Conclusion The prevalence of JE was lower in 2007,however,it was essential and necessary that we should take effectively integrated measures to control outbreak and prevalence of JE,such as strengthening routine immunization and supplementary immunization for children aged below 10,developing mosquito surveillance and serological test of common people and pigs,and improving the reporting and management system of JE.
引文
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[5]Yang DK,Kweon CH,Kim BH,et al.The seroprevalence ofJapanese encephalitis virus in goats raised in Korea[J].J Vet Med Sci,2007,8(2):197-199.
[6]Bi P,Tong S,Donald K,et al.Climate variability and transmission ofJapanese encephalitis in eastern China[J].Vector Borne Zoon Dis,2003,3(3):111-115.
[7]王伟军,王奎,江斌,等.三峡库区重庆段疾病监测点1998年蚊媒监测资料分析[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2000,11(3):231-232.
[8]俞永新.流行性乙型脑炎的全球流行动态及控制策略[J].中国公共卫生,2000,16(6):568.
[2]Stanley AP,Walter AO.Vaccines[M].4th edition.WB Saunders Co,Philadelphia PA,2004:919-958.
[3]Yasuoka J,Levins R.Ecology of vector mosquitoes in Sri Lanka-suggestions for future mosquito control in rice ecosystems[J].SouthAsian J Trop Med Public Health,2007,38(4):646-657.
[4]Rodhain F.Recent data on the epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis[J].Bulletin de l’Académie nationale de médecine,1996,180(6):1325-1337;discussion 1338-1340.
[5]Yang DK,Kweon CH,Kim BH,et al.The seroprevalence ofJapanese encephalitis virus in goats raised in Korea[J].J Vet Med Sci,2007,8(2):197-199.
[6]Bi P,Tong S,Donald K,et al.Climate variability and transmission ofJapanese encephalitis in eastern China[J].Vector Borne Zoon Dis,2003,3(3):111-115.
[7]王伟军,王奎,江斌,等.三峡库区重庆段疾病监测点1998年蚊媒监测资料分析[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2000,11(3):231-232.
[8]俞永新.流行性乙型脑炎的全球流行动态及控制策略[J].中国公共卫生,2000,16(6):568.
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