长江口外海滨典型断面悬沙通量计算
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摘要
长江河口的口外海滨地区是河流和海洋之间的过渡区域和长江入海泥沙扩散、堆积的主要场所 ,也是与杭州湾、江苏海域等邻近水域进行水、沙交换的过往之地。本文运用目前较为成熟和可靠的机制分解法和等面积时变网格法分别对口外海滨地区典型断面的悬沙通量进行了估算 ,两种方法计算得到的通量结果方向一致 ,量级相同。结果表明 ,长江流域来沙出口门后 ,大约 2 7%向南进入杭州湾 ,向东入海的有 2 0 %左右 ,还有 9%左右的泥沙向北进入江苏海域 ,剩余的大约 4 4 %的泥沙在水下三角洲地区沉积下来。就各输沙项而言 ,平流作用输沙贡献最大 ,潮泵作用输沙量次之 ,垂向净环流和垂向潮振荡切变项的相对贡献较小。
The offshore area of Changiiang estuary is the transitional area of river and ocean,where water and sediment are always transporting towards the sea,and exchanging with Hangzhou bay and alongshore the north of Jiangsu sea area.The method of mechanism analyses and equal_area grids were used in this paper to calculate the suspended sediment flux in the typical cross sections in the study area. The results indicate 44 per cent of sediment from the Changjiang river deposits in the submarine delta, more than 27 percent of remainders transport to the south_east into the alongshore of Hangzhou bay, only 9 per cent of sediment exchanges with the sediment alongshore the north of Jiangsu sea area,and about 20 per cent of total sediment transport to the sea.Advective sediment flux is the most important item,and the tidal pumping effect is the second important item,and the vertical gravitational circulation and vertical tidal oscillation shear contribute little to the total sediment discharge.
The offshore area of Changiiang estuary is the transitional area of river and ocean,where water and sediment are always transporting towards the sea,and exchanging with Hangzhou bay and alongshore the north of Jiangsu sea area.The method of mechanism analyses and equal_area grids were used in this paper to calculate the suspended sediment flux in the typical cross sections in the study area. The results indicate 44 per cent of sediment from the Changjiang river deposits in the submarine delta, more than 27 percent of remainders transport to the south_east into the alongshore of Hangzhou bay, only 9 per cent of sediment exchanges with the sediment alongshore the north of Jiangsu sea area,and about 20 per cent of total sediment transport to the sea.Advective sediment flux is the most important item,and the tidal pumping effect is the second important item,and the vertical gravitational circulation and vertical tidal oscillation shear contribute little to the total sediment discharge.
引文
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[4] 林承坤.长江口及其临近海域粘性泥沙的数量与输移[J].地理学报,1992,47(2):108-112.
[5] 李九发.长江口南汇潮滩泥沙输移规律探讨[J].海洋学报,1990,12(1):75-82.
[6] 沈焕庭,贺松林,潘定安,李九发.长江河口最大浑浊带研究[J].地理学报,1992,47(5):472-479.
[7] 沈焕庭,李九发,朱慧芳.长江河口悬沙输移特性[J].泥沙研究,1986,(1).
[8] 王康缮,苏纪兰.长江口南港环流及悬移物质输运的计算分析.海洋学报,1987,9(5):627-637.
[9] 张志忠,徐志刚.长江口悬沙及其运移[J].海洋科学,1983,(5).
[10] 张立人,谢钦春.长江口悬浮体的运移格局及其沉积过程.东海海洋,1987,2(3):36-44.
[11] 朱建荣,薛元忠.长江河口横沙小港泥沙浓度的观测及研究[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,(3):68-73.
[12] Perillo,GM .E .,Piccolo,M .C .Importantofgrid cellareaintheestimationofestuarineresidualfluxes[J].Estuaries,1998,21(1):14-28.
[13] DyerKR .FineSedimentParticleTransportinEstuaries[A].DronkersJ,LeussenWvan.,Eds.PhysicalProcessesinEstuaries[C].NewYork:Spring_Verlag,1988:295-310.
[14] ShenHuanting,LiJiufa,ZhuHuifang,etal.TransportofsuspendedsedimentsintheChangjiangestuary.In:Proceedingofthein ternationalsymposiumonsedimentationonthecontinentalshelf,withspecialreferencetotheeastChinasea.Beijing:ChinaOceanPress,1983(1):389-399.
[15] MillimanJD ,ShenHuanting.TransportanddepositionofriversedimentintheChangjiangestuaryandadjacentshelf[J].Conti nentalShelfResearch,1985,(4):37-45.
[16] 林承坤.长江口泥沙的数量和输移[J].中国科学(A辑),1988,(1):104-112.
[17] D .Eisma.SedimentdepositionalongthecoastalofChina[A].In:Zhangjing(ed.),Land_seainteractioninChinesecoastalzones[C],Beijing:ChinaOceanPress,1988:3-21.
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