三峡水库建成后对长江中下游江湖水沙关系变化趋势初探 Ⅰ:大型河网水沙数模的建立与验证
|
摘要
对于天然河道的数学模拟计算中,特别是长江中下游的干支流、洞庭湖区等,会出现较多分流、汇流、分流比未知的分汊河段,形成水流顺逆不定、复杂多变的河网,为此,本文在用四点带权隐式差分求解非恒定流的基础上,通过消元、转换,建立了河网水沙数学模型。该模型既可解决复杂的河网水流计算问题,亦适用于长河段、长时段的较复杂的天然河道水流计算问题。通过对长江中下游干支流洪水过程的模拟,水位、流量、输沙量及洪水过程与实测值相比均在误差范围内,说明该数学模型合理可行,可扩展应用。计算迅捷简便,应用性强。
The natural river courses often contain many diffluences and confluences forming a complex river networks with unknown fork flow ratios and uncertain local flow directions,such as the main stream and tributaries in the middle and lower Yangtze including the Dongting Lake that is modeled in the present work.This paper establishes a sediment transport model for such river networks by solving the unsteady flow equations with Preissman scheme and the method of variable elimination and transformation.This model is computationally efficient and easy to apply to the modeling of complex river networks of great length over a long time period.The modeling results of flood hydrographs for the middle and lower Yangtze agree well with the observations of water stage,discharge,and sediment runoff, which shows the viability and practicability of the model.
The natural river courses often contain many diffluences and confluences forming a complex river networks with unknown fork flow ratios and uncertain local flow directions,such as the main stream and tributaries in the middle and lower Yangtze including the Dongting Lake that is modeled in the present work.This paper establishes a sediment transport model for such river networks by solving the unsteady flow equations with Preissman scheme and the method of variable elimination and transformation.This model is computationally efficient and easy to apply to the modeling of complex river networks of great length over a long time period.The modeling results of flood hydrographs for the middle and lower Yangtze agree well with the observations of water stage,discharge,and sediment runoff, which shows the viability and practicability of the model.
引文
[1]长江科学院.水库不平衡输沙的初步研究.1972年.Yangtze Scientific ResearchInstitute.Initial Investigation on Unbalanced Sediment Transport in Reservoirs.1972.(in Chinese)
[2]窦国仁,赵士清.三峡水库变动回水区二维全沙数学模型的研究及初步应用.长江三峡工程泥沙与航运关键技术研究专题研究报告集.武汉工业大学出版社,1963年.Dou Guoren and Zhao Shiqing.2-D Mathematical Modeling and Its Application in Backwaters of TGP Reservoir.Proceedings of ResearchReports on Sedimentation and Navigation Technologies of TGP.Publishing House of Wuhan University of Technology,1993.(in Chinese)
[3]长江水利水电科学院河流室.水库冲淤过程计算方法及电子计算机的应用.长江水利水电科研成果选编,第一期,1974年.River Engineering Research Division of the Yangtze Scientific ResearchInstitute.Computational Algorithmand Programfor Sedimentation andScour Process in Reservoirs.Selected Research Reports of YSRI,Issue 1,1974.(in Chinese)
[4]张瑞瑾、谢鉴衡等.河流泥沙动力学.水利电力出版社,1989年6月.Zhang Ruijin and Xie Jiangheng.Dynamics of Sedimentationin Rivers.Water Resources and Hydropower Publishing House,June 1989.(inChinese)
[5]周凤琴、孙昌万.长江三峡水利枢纽下游宜昌~武汉河段洲滩地质勘探成果分析.长江三峡工程泥沙研究文集.中国科学技术出版社,1990年5月.Zhou Fengqin and Sun Changwan.Analysis of Geological Investigation Data Alongthe Reach between Yichang and Wuhan onthe Yangtze.Proceedings of Sedimentation Researchfor the TGP.China Science and Technology Publishing House,May 1990.(in Chinese)
[2]窦国仁,赵士清.三峡水库变动回水区二维全沙数学模型的研究及初步应用.长江三峡工程泥沙与航运关键技术研究专题研究报告集.武汉工业大学出版社,1963年.Dou Guoren and Zhao Shiqing.2-D Mathematical Modeling and Its Application in Backwaters of TGP Reservoir.Proceedings of ResearchReports on Sedimentation and Navigation Technologies of TGP.Publishing House of Wuhan University of Technology,1993.(in Chinese)
[3]长江水利水电科学院河流室.水库冲淤过程计算方法及电子计算机的应用.长江水利水电科研成果选编,第一期,1974年.River Engineering Research Division of the Yangtze Scientific ResearchInstitute.Computational Algorithmand Programfor Sedimentation andScour Process in Reservoirs.Selected Research Reports of YSRI,Issue 1,1974.(in Chinese)
[4]张瑞瑾、谢鉴衡等.河流泥沙动力学.水利电力出版社,1989年6月.Zhang Ruijin and Xie Jiangheng.Dynamics of Sedimentationin Rivers.Water Resources and Hydropower Publishing House,June 1989.(inChinese)
[5]周凤琴、孙昌万.长江三峡水利枢纽下游宜昌~武汉河段洲滩地质勘探成果分析.长江三峡工程泥沙研究文集.中国科学技术出版社,1990年5月.Zhou Fengqin and Sun Changwan.Analysis of Geological Investigation Data Alongthe Reach between Yichang and Wuhan onthe Yangtze.Proceedings of Sedimentation Researchfor the TGP.China Science and Technology Publishing House,May 1990.(in Chinese)
目录