江苏及邻区地壳上地幔结构研究
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摘要
根据江苏及邻区大地构造单元和人工地震研究程度的不同,划分为下扬子地区、郯庐断裂带、大别山东段、苏鲁地块等地区,介绍了利用人工地震、天然地震层析成像及其它地球物理探测等方法对这一地区的深部构造研究结果。其中下扬子地区莫霍面的深度为28~33 km,横向不均匀,由西向东逐渐减薄;大别—苏鲁地区地表超高压变质带地壳波速特征主要表现在上地壳顶部的高速层,其厚度一般小于10 km;苏鲁地块地壳厚度约在32~33 km之间,明显高于周边地区;大别山地区沿造山带方向莫霍面变化平缓,地壳厚度33 km左右;横穿造山带方向起伏变化较大,莫霍面最深达41 km左右。天然层析成像研究范围大,分辨率较低。大别苏鲁地区人工地震测深工作较深入,但调查范围较小,主要在浅层,认识相对局部,有待于面上的大范围深部结构图像研究。
The research works on the crust and upper mantle structure in Jiangsu province and its adjacent areas,that is divided into the southeastern Yangzi block,the southern segment of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone,the eastern segment of Dabie orogen and the Sulu UHPM block according to geotectonics and research level,are introduced based on the results of different research methods such as deep seismic sounding,earthquake travel time tomography and other geophysical survey.The main characteristics are summarized as following points.The depths of Moho is various from 28 km to 33 km beneath the southeastern Yangzi block with decreasing from weat to east.It exists a high velocity layer in the top of crust of Dabie-Sulu UHPM zone with thickness less than 10 km.The thickness of crust in Sulu block is in 32~33 km,and is thicker than those in the surrounding area.For Dabie orogen,the depth of crust is about 33 km and changes gently along the direction of the orogen belt,but changes greatly across the belt with the greatest 41 km depth of Moho in some areas.The results of earthquake tomography commonly have low-resolution because of large size of research area.Many works of deep seismic sounding in Dabie-Sulu zone have been done but the work range is too small and survey layer is shallow,so more works on larger area are needed to the deep structure of crust.
The research works on the crust and upper mantle structure in Jiangsu province and its adjacent areas,that is divided into the southeastern Yangzi block,the southern segment of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone,the eastern segment of Dabie orogen and the Sulu UHPM block according to geotectonics and research level,are introduced based on the results of different research methods such as deep seismic sounding,earthquake travel time tomography and other geophysical survey.The main characteristics are summarized as following points.The depths of Moho is various from 28 km to 33 km beneath the southeastern Yangzi block with decreasing from weat to east.It exists a high velocity layer in the top of crust of Dabie-Sulu UHPM zone with thickness less than 10 km.The thickness of crust in Sulu block is in 32~33 km,and is thicker than those in the surrounding area.For Dabie orogen,the depth of crust is about 33 km and changes gently along the direction of the orogen belt,but changes greatly across the belt with the greatest 41 km depth of Moho in some areas.The results of earthquake tomography commonly have low-resolution because of large size of research area.Many works of deep seismic sounding in Dabie-Sulu zone have been done but the work range is too small and survey layer is shallow,so more works on larger area are needed to the deep structure of crust.
引文
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[17]杨文采.东大别超高压变质带的深部构造[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(2):183-192.
[18]杨文采,方慧,程振炎,等.苏鲁超高压变质带北部地球物理调查(2)———非地震方法[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(4):508-519.
[19]杨文采,杨午阳,金振民,等.苏鲁超高压变质带岩石圈的地震组构[J].中国科学(D辑),2004,34(4):307-319.
[20]杨文采,张春贺,朱光明,等.标定大陆科学钻探孔区地震反射体[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(3):370-383.
[21]杨文采,余长青.根据地球物理资料分析大别山—苏鲁超高压变质带演化的运动学与动力学[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(3):346-358.
[22]杨文采.大陆科学钻探与中国科学深钻工程[J].石油地球物理物探,2002,37(2):197-120.
[23]杨文采,程振炎,张春贺,等.中国科学深钻选址地球物理调查与大别—苏鲁岩石圈[J].地球学报,2003,24(5):391-404.
[24]杨文采,杨午阳,程振炎,等.中国大陆科学钻探孔区三维地震资料的初步解释[J].岩石学报,2004,20(1):127-138.
[25]刘福田,徐佩芬,刘劲松,等.大陆深俯冲带的地壳速度结构—东大别造山带深地震宽角反射/折射研究[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(3):366-372.
[26]史大年,姜枚,彭聪,等.大别造山带东部地壳结构的层析成像及广角反射的地震学研究[J].地震学报,1998,21(4):403-410.
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[28]刘昌铨,祝治平,李捍东,等.连云港-临沂-泗水测深剖面及临沂8.5级地震深部构造背景[J].地震,1983,(3):11-17.
[29]刘昌铨,刘光夏,杜官恒,等.郯庐古断裂中断地壳结构的初步研究———二维力学射线追踪方法的解释结果[J].华北地震科学,1987,5(2):1-11.
[30]杨文采,程振炎,陈国九,等.苏鲁超高压变质带北部地球物理调查(1)———深发射地震[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(1):41-52.
[31]杨文采,胡振远,程振炎,等.郯城—涟水综合地球物理剖面[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(2):206-217.
[32]姜枚,王友学,宿和平.宽频地震方法技术在地震探测工作中的应用[J].地质通报,2003,22(7):536-539.
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