云南省煤矿瓦斯赋存构造控制规律与瓦斯分带划分
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摘要
瓦斯赋存规律认识不清,是导致煤矿瓦斯突出灾害频发的根本原因。应用瓦斯赋存地质构造逐级控制理论,结合云南省煤矿瓦斯地质图编制资料,探讨了云南省煤矿瓦斯赋存构造控制规律,进行了瓦斯分带划分及瓦斯带特征分析。研究结果表明:印支期,NW向构造发生右行活动,形成压扭性构造,破碎煤体、形成构造煤。燕山期,滇东和滇东北形成了一系列NE-NNE向平缓褶皱,煤系地层保存较完整;而滇东南断裂活动发育,煤系地层遭受了严重的破坏。喜山运动第Ⅰ幕,云贵高原抬升,侏罗纪、白垩纪地层风化剥蚀殆尽,瓦斯大量释放;喜山运动第Ⅱ幕,NE向构造带强烈挤压、冲断、推覆,破碎煤体、形成构造煤,有利于瓦斯保存。新构造运动时期,滇东NNE、NE向构造带应力集中,易引发瓦斯突出;滇中高瓦斯区NW、NNW向构造带应力集中,易引起瓦斯突出事故。将云南省煤矿瓦斯赋存分布划分了两个高突瓦斯带和两个瓦斯带,即滇东高突瓦斯带、华坪祥云一平浪高突瓦斯带、滇中瓦斯带和滇西滇南瓦斯带。
Unclear understanding of gas occurrence rule is a root reason of frequent gas outburst disasters.Basing on tectonic control theory of gas occurrence,combining with datum of Yunnan Province gas-geology map,the tectonic control rule and zoning division of gas occurrence were discussed.The results showed that NW structures were dextrorotary,which formed compresso-shear structures and tectonic coal during the Indosinian.During Yanshanian period,a series of NE-NNE gentle folds were formed in the eastern and northeast Yunnan Province,therefore coal measure strata were well preserved.But faulted structure developed well in the southeastern region,coal measure strata were destroyed severely.At the first phase of the Himalayan movement,Jurassic and Cretaceous stratum were weathered and denuded seriously due to Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau uplifting,so amounts of mine gas escaped.At the second phase of the Himalayan movement,NE structure belts were extruded and thrusted,coal body was broken and tectonic coal was formed,which was helpful to preserve mine gas.During neotectonics period,the tectonic stress of NNE,NE structure belts in the eastern region and the NW,NNW structure belts in high-gas zones of the western region concentrated, which easily leads to gas outburst.Coalmine gas occurrence and distribution in Yunnan Province were divided into 2 high-gas outburst zones and 2 gas zones,including eastern Yunnan high-gas outburst zone,Huaping-Xiangyun-Yipinglang high-gas outburst zone,central Yunnan gas zone and western-southern Yunnan gas zone.
Unclear understanding of gas occurrence rule is a root reason of frequent gas outburst disasters.Basing on tectonic control theory of gas occurrence,combining with datum of Yunnan Province gas-geology map,the tectonic control rule and zoning division of gas occurrence were discussed.The results showed that NW structures were dextrorotary,which formed compresso-shear structures and tectonic coal during the Indosinian.During Yanshanian period,a series of NE-NNE gentle folds were formed in the eastern and northeast Yunnan Province,therefore coal measure strata were well preserved.But faulted structure developed well in the southeastern region,coal measure strata were destroyed severely.At the first phase of the Himalayan movement,Jurassic and Cretaceous stratum were weathered and denuded seriously due to Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau uplifting,so amounts of mine gas escaped.At the second phase of the Himalayan movement,NE structure belts were extruded and thrusted,coal body was broken and tectonic coal was formed,which was helpful to preserve mine gas.During neotectonics period,the tectonic stress of NNE,NE structure belts in the eastern region and the NW,NNW structure belts in high-gas zones of the western region concentrated, which easily leads to gas outburst.Coalmine gas occurrence and distribution in Yunnan Province were divided into 2 high-gas outburst zones and 2 gas zones,including eastern Yunnan high-gas outburst zone,Huaping-Xiangyun-Yipinglang high-gas outburst zone,central Yunnan gas zone and western-southern Yunnan gas zone.
引文
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[15]贾天让,闫江伟,王蔚,等.辽宁省煤矿瓦斯赋存构造控制规律与瓦斯分带划分[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(4):24-30JIA Tian-rang,YAN Jiang-wei,WANG Wei,et al.Tectonic-level-control rule and zoning-division of Coalmine Gas Occurrence in Liaoning Province[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2014,10(4):24-30
[16]马丽芳.中国地质图集[M].北京:地质出版社,2002
[17]云南省地质矿产局.云南省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1990
[2]张子敏.瓦斯地质学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2009
[3]张子敏,林又玲,吕绍林.中国煤层瓦斯分布特征[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1998
[4]张子敏,吴吟.中国煤矿瓦斯赋存构造逐级控制规律与分区划分[J].地学前缘,2013,20(2):237-245ZHANG Zi-min,WU Yin.Tectonic-level-control rule and area-dividing of coalmine gas occurrence in China[J].Earth Science Forntiers,2013,20(2):237-245
[5]程远平,张晓磊,王亮.地应力对瓦斯压力及突出灾害的控制作用研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):408-414CHENG Yuan-ping,ZHANG Xiao-lei,WANG Liang.Controlling effect of ground stress on gas pressure and outburst disaster[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):408-414
[6]贾天让,王蔚,张子敏,等.现代构造应力场下断层走向对瓦斯突出的影响[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(6):930-934JIA Tian-rang,WANG Wei,ZHANG Zi-min,et al.Controlling of fault strike under the modern tectonic stress field for gas outburst[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(6):930-934
[7]徐凤银,朱兴珊,王桂梁,等.芙蓉煤田古构造应力场及其对煤与瓦斯突出控制的定量化研究[J].地质科学,1995,30(1):71-94XU Feng-yin,ZHU Xing-shan,WANG Gui-liang,et al.Quantitative research on the paleotectonic stress field and its control to coal and gas outburst[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,1995,30(l):71-94
[8]舒龙勇,程远平,王亮,等.地质因素对煤层瓦斯赋存影响的研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,40(3):96-99SHU Long-yong,CHENG Yuan-ping,WANG Liang,et al.Research on influence of geological factors on gas storage in coal seam[J].Journal of China Safety Science,2013,40(3):96-99
[9]张春华,刘泽功,刘健,等.封闭性地质构造诱发煤与瓦斯突出的力学特性模拟试验[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(4):554-559ZHANG Chun-hua,LIU Ze-gong,LIU Jian,et al.Physical scale modeling of mechanical characteristics of outburst induced by closed geological structure[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2013,42(4):554-559
[10]魏国营,姚念岗.断层带煤体瓦斯地质特征与瓦斯突出的关联[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2012,31(5):604-608WEI Guo-ying,YAO Nian-gang.Characteristic of gas-geology at coal seam fault and its association with coal-gas outburst[J].Journal of Liaoning Techical University(Natural Science),2012,31(5):604-608
[11]袁崇孚.构造煤和煤与瓦斯突出[J].煤炭科学技术,1986,(1):32-33YUAN Chong-fu.Deformed coal and coal-gas outburst[J].Coal Science and Technology,1986,(1):32-33
[12]李云波,张玉贵,张子敏,等.构造煤瓦斯解吸初期特征试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(1):15-20LI Yun-bo,ZHANG Yu-gui,ZHANG Zi-min,et al.Experimental study on gas desorption of tectonic coal at initial stage[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(l):15-20
[13]高魁,刘泽功,刘健,等.构造软煤的物理力学特性及其对煤与瓦斯突出的影响[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(2):129-133GAO Kui,LIU Ze-gong,LIU Jian,et al.Physical and mechanical characteristics of tectonic soft coal and their effects on coal and gas outburst[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(2):129-133
[14]张鹏翔,龙祖根.贵州省煤矿瓦斯赋存规律研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2013,9(1):34-38ZHANG Peng-xiang,LONG Zu-gen.Study on occurrence regularity of gas in the mines of Guizhou province[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2013,9(1):34-38
[15]贾天让,闫江伟,王蔚,等.辽宁省煤矿瓦斯赋存构造控制规律与瓦斯分带划分[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(4):24-30JIA Tian-rang,YAN Jiang-wei,WANG Wei,et al.Tectonic-level-control rule and zoning-division of Coalmine Gas Occurrence in Liaoning Province[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2014,10(4):24-30
[16]马丽芳.中国地质图集[M].北京:地质出版社,2002
[17]云南省地质矿产局.云南省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1990
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