江西丘陵无灌溉地棉花种植方式与密度研究
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摘要
为提高丘陵无灌溉地植棉的产量和效益,明确其在直播和营养钵育苗移栽两种方式下最佳的播种期和密度,特设置7个处理,涉及直播和移栽两种方式、空白地和油后两种茬口以及27000株/hm2、42000株/hm2和57000株/hm23个密度。研究结果表明:不同种植方式、密度和播期对棉花农艺性状、成铃分布、产量以及纤维品质等方面均有影响;适时安排提早播种与促早发,并增加密度,有利于提高棉花单产。根据试验结果并结合生产实践认为:丘陵无灌溉地直播栽培(中早熟棉花品种)适宜密度为42000~57000株/hm2;营养钵育苗移栽适宜密度不低于27000株/hm2。
In order to improve the yield and benefit of no irrigation hills cotton,clear the best sowing time and density of growing seedlings transplant in nutrition pot and direct seeding,the paper set the 7 treatments,including direct seeding and transplanting,blank soil and cotton after oil,3 densities of 27thousands per hm2,42 thousands per hm2 and 57thousands per hm2.The results showed that: different planting patterns,density and sowing date had influence on agronomic traits,cotton boll distribution,yield and fiber quality and so on;early sowing,promoting early growing and increasing the density,can improve cotton per unit area yield.According to the test results and combining with production practice,hills without irrigation direct seeding cultivation(early-maturing cotton varieties) suitable density ranged from 42thousands to 57thousands per hm2;nutrition pot transplanting suitable density of not less than 27thousands per hm2.
In order to improve the yield and benefit of no irrigation hills cotton,clear the best sowing time and density of growing seedlings transplant in nutrition pot and direct seeding,the paper set the 7 treatments,including direct seeding and transplanting,blank soil and cotton after oil,3 densities of 27thousands per hm2,42 thousands per hm2 and 57thousands per hm2.The results showed that: different planting patterns,density and sowing date had influence on agronomic traits,cotton boll distribution,yield and fiber quality and so on;early sowing,promoting early growing and increasing the density,can improve cotton per unit area yield.According to the test results and combining with production practice,hills without irrigation direct seeding cultivation(early-maturing cotton varieties) suitable density ranged from 42thousands to 57thousands per hm2;nutrition pot transplanting suitable density of not less than 27thousands per hm2.
引文
[1]毛树春,董合林.中国棉花生长景气报告:297[OL].中国优质棉网,2012-04-15.http://www.ccppi.com.cn/
[2]王肖鲸,胡丽华,夏绍南.江西丘陵红壤棉区麦后夏棉研究[J].江西棉花,1998,20(1):13-17.
[3]毛树春.中国棉花栽培学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2013.
[4]夏绍南,杨磊,张丽娟,等.江西省2012年棉花生长指数与生产述评[J].棉花科学,2013,35(2):47-49.
[5]夏绍南,田绍仁,柯兴盛,等.全国棉花合理密植技术联合试验江西点总结[J].江西棉花,2011,33(5):17-27.
[6]崔爱花,夏绍南,孙亮庆,等.湘杂棉8号不同密度下性状及产量品质表现[J].江西棉花,2009,31(3):11-13.
[7]张允昔,张绍银,余策金,等.江西棉区棉花氮肥与密度互作效应续试总结[J].棉花科学,2013,35(2):16-23.
[8]田绍仁,张丽娟,夏绍南,等.不同种植方式对棉花生长发育和产量的影响[J].江西棉花,2010,32(3):23-27.
[9]张丽娟,田绍仁,夏绍南,等.鄱阳湖棉区棉花不同种植方式试验总结[J].江西棉花,2011,33(2):20-25.
[10]陈齐炼,徐会华.长江中下游地区棉花超高产栽培理论与实践[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008.
[2]王肖鲸,胡丽华,夏绍南.江西丘陵红壤棉区麦后夏棉研究[J].江西棉花,1998,20(1):13-17.
[3]毛树春.中国棉花栽培学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2013.
[4]夏绍南,杨磊,张丽娟,等.江西省2012年棉花生长指数与生产述评[J].棉花科学,2013,35(2):47-49.
[5]夏绍南,田绍仁,柯兴盛,等.全国棉花合理密植技术联合试验江西点总结[J].江西棉花,2011,33(5):17-27.
[6]崔爱花,夏绍南,孙亮庆,等.湘杂棉8号不同密度下性状及产量品质表现[J].江西棉花,2009,31(3):11-13.
[7]张允昔,张绍银,余策金,等.江西棉区棉花氮肥与密度互作效应续试总结[J].棉花科学,2013,35(2):16-23.
[8]田绍仁,张丽娟,夏绍南,等.不同种植方式对棉花生长发育和产量的影响[J].江西棉花,2010,32(3):23-27.
[9]张丽娟,田绍仁,夏绍南,等.鄱阳湖棉区棉花不同种植方式试验总结[J].江西棉花,2011,33(2):20-25.
[10]陈齐炼,徐会华.长江中下游地区棉花超高产栽培理论与实践[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008.
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