湖南慈利江垭中-上二叠统岩石特征及沉积环境分析
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摘要
湖南慈利江垭剖面中-上二叠统自下而上可以分为栖霞组、茅口组、吴家坪组和大隆组,总厚度为461.7 m。该剖面岩以石灰岩为主,含少量的硅岩、泥岩、页岩和白云岩。石灰岩进一步分为砾屑灰岩、砂屑灰岩、粉屑灰岩、生物碎屑粒泥灰岩以及生物碎屑泥粒灰岩。砾屑灰岩主要分布于栖霞组及茅口组中,为斜坡沉积作用的产物。白云岩主要为同生和准同生白云岩,为局限台地环境的产物。根据岩性、微相分析,可划分出滨岸、局限台地、开阔台地、台地边缘、斜坡及盆地6种沉积环境。沉积演化表明,研究区二叠纪发生了两次大规模的海侵,主要发生于栖霞期早期—茅口期晚期以及吴家坪期早期—长兴期晚期。值得指出的是,栖霞组及茅口组中斜坡沉积的发现,对于重新认识研究区中二叠世古地理分布、演化及斜坡的迁移具有重要的意义。
The Permian of Jiangya section at Cili County,Hunan Province is composed of the Qixia, Maokou,Wujiaping and Dalong Formations,with a thickness of 461.7 m.The rock types of this section include limestone,silicalites,mudstone,shale,dolomite.Limestone can be further divided into calcirudite,calcarenite,calcisiltite,bioclastic wackestone,bioclastic packstone. Calcirudite developed in Qixia and Maokou Formations formed in carbonate slope environment and dolomite occurred in restricted platform.According to the comprehensive analyses of lithology and microfacies,six kinds of sedimentary environments were identified.They were shore zone,restricted platform,open platform,edge of platform,slope and basin.The sedimentary evolution shows there were two cycles of transgression and regression occurred in Permian,mainly from the early Qixia period to the end late Maokou period and the early Wujiaping period to the late Changxing period.There is no doubt that the recognition of slope facies in the Qixia and Maokou Formations is of great significance for a new awareness of the distribution and evolution of the middle Permian palaeogeography and the migration of slope in this region.
The Permian of Jiangya section at Cili County,Hunan Province is composed of the Qixia, Maokou,Wujiaping and Dalong Formations,with a thickness of 461.7 m.The rock types of this section include limestone,silicalites,mudstone,shale,dolomite.Limestone can be further divided into calcirudite,calcarenite,calcisiltite,bioclastic wackestone,bioclastic packstone. Calcirudite developed in Qixia and Maokou Formations formed in carbonate slope environment and dolomite occurred in restricted platform.According to the comprehensive analyses of lithology and microfacies,six kinds of sedimentary environments were identified.They were shore zone,restricted platform,open platform,edge of platform,slope and basin.The sedimentary evolution shows there were two cycles of transgression and regression occurred in Permian,mainly from the early Qixia period to the end late Maokou period and the early Wujiaping period to the late Changxing period.There is no doubt that the recognition of slope facies in the Qixia and Maokou Formations is of great significance for a new awareness of the distribution and evolution of the middle Permian palaeogeography and the migration of slope in this region.
引文
陈洪德,覃建雄,王成善,寿建峰,李祥辉1999a.中国南方二叠纪层序岩相古地理特征及演化.沉积学报,17(4) :510-521. Chen Hongde,Tan Jianxiong,Wang Chengshan,Shou Jianfeng and Li Xianghui.1999a.Sequence-based lithofacies and palaeogeographic characteristics and evolution of Permian in south China.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,17 (4) :510-521.
陈洪德,王成善,刘文均,覃建雄.1999b.华南二叠纪层序地层与盆地演化沉积学报,17(4) :529-535. Chen Hongde,Wang Chengshan,Liu Wenjun and Tan Jianxiong.1999b.Permian sequence stratigraphy and basin evolution in south of China.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,17 (4) :529-535.
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何斌,徐义刚,王雅玫,肖龙.2005. 东吴运动性质的厘定及其时空演变规律.地球科学,30(1) :89-96. He Bin,Xu Yigang,Wang Yamei and Xiao Long.2005. Nature of the Dongwu Movement and its temporal and spatial evolution.Earth Science,30( 1) :89-96.
黄思静,石和,张萌,沈立成,刘浩,武义慧.2001. 上扬子石炭-二叠纪海相碳酸盐的锶同位素演化与全球海平面变化.沉积学报,19(4) :482-487. Huang Sijing,Shi He,Zhang Meng,Shen Licheng,Liu Jie and W u Wenhui.2001. Strontium isotope evolution and global sea-level changes of Carboniferous and Permian marine carbonate,upper Yangtze platform.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,19(4) :482-487.
李双应,洪天求,金福全,刘辉,胡永强.2001. 巢县二叠系栖霞组臭灰岩段异地成因碳酸盐岩地层学杂志,25(1) :69-74.Li Shuangying,Hong Tianqiu,Jin Fuquan,Liu Hui and Hu Yongqiang.2001. Allochthonous carbonate rocks in the swine limestone member of the Permian Chihsia Formation of Chaoxian,Anhui.Journal of Stratigraphy,25 ( 1) :69-74.
李双应,孟庆任,万秋,孔为伦,何刚.2008. 长江中下游地区二叠纪碳酸盐斜坡沉积及其成矿意义.岩石学报,24(8) :1733-1744. Li Shuangying,Meng Qingren,Wan Qiu,Kong Weilun and He Gang.2008. Deposition of carbonate slope and ore-forming in Permian strata in the middle-luwer reaches of the Yangtze River,east China.Acta Petrologica Sinica ,24 (8) :1733-1744.
李双应,岳书仓.2002安徽巢湖二叠系栖霞组碳酸盐岩斜坡沉积沉积学报,20(1) :7-12. Li Shuangying and Yue Shucang.2002. Sedimentation on a carbonate slope of Permian Qixia Formation in Chaohu region,Anhui.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,20( 1) :7-12.
柳祖汉.2003. 湖南栖霞期的生物群落、古地理与生物礁.地质科学,38(2) :190-199. Liu Zuhan.2003. Communities,palaeogeography and reefs of Middle Permian Qixia period in Hunan.Chinese Journal of Geology,38 ( 2) :190-199.
吕炳全,瞿建忠.1989. 下扬子地区早二叠世海进和上升流形成的缺氧环境的沉积.科学通报,34(22) :1721-1724.Lü Bingquan and Qu Jianzhong.1989. The anoxic sediments related to the Early Permian transgression and upflow environment in the lower Yangtze area.Chinese Science Bulletin ,34 (22) :1721-1724.
牟传龙,丘东洲,王立全,万方.1997. 湘鄂赣二叠纪岩相古地理研究.岩相古地理,17(6) :1-21. Mu Chuanlong,Qiu Dongzhou,Wang Liquan and Wan Fang.1997. Permian sedimentary facies and palaeogeography in the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi region.Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography,17 (6) :1-21.
王立亭,陆彦邦,赵时九,罗晋辉.1994. 中国南方二叠纪岩相古地理与成矿作用.北京:地质出版社.59-61. Wang Liting,Lu Yanbang,Zhao Shijiu and Luo Jinhui.1994. Permian Lithofacies,Paleogeography and Mineralization in South China.Beijing:Geological Publishing House.59-61.
王永标,徐桂荣,林启祥.1997. 湖南慈利晚二叠世海绵礁与珊瑚礁的古生态研究.地球科学,22(2) :135-138. Wang Yongbiao,Xu Guirong and Lin Qixiang.1997. Paleoecological relations between coral reef and sponge reef of Late Permian in Cili area,west Hunan Province.Earth Science,22(2) :135-138.
王永标,徐桂荣,林启祥.1998. 湖南慈利晚二叠世生物礁成岩作用及成岩相特征.沉积学报,16(1) :132-136. Wang Yongbiao,Xu Guirong and Lin Qixiang.1998. Diagenesis and diagenetic facies of the Late Permian reef in Cili,Hunan Province.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,16( 1) :132-136.
颜佳新,徐四平,李方林.1998. 湖北巴东栖霞组缺氧沉积环境的地球化学特征.岩相古地理,18(6) :27-32. Yan Jiaxin,Xu Siping and Li Fanglin.1998. Geochemistry of the dysaerobie sedimentary environments of the Qixia Formation in Badong,Hubei.Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography ,18( 6) :27-32.
杨万容,杨长庚,沈建伟.2002. 湖南慈利晚二叠世长兴期珊瑚礁白云石化及其成岩环境.地质学报,76(1) :114-124. Yang Wanrong,Yang Changgeng and Shen Jianwei.2002. Dolomitization and diagenetic environments of Late Permian Changxingian coral reef in Cili,Hunan,south China.Acta Geologica Sinica ,76 ( 1) :114-124.
姚华舟,张仁杰.1996. 长江三峡地区晚二叠世晚期-早三叠世早期沉积特征.华南地质与矿产,(4) :63-68. Yao Huazhou and Zhang Renjie.1996. Late Late Permian-early Early Triassic sedimentary facies of the Yangtze gorges area.Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,(4) :63-68.
Hatch J R and Leventhal J S.1992. Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) Stark Shale Member of the Dennis Limestone,Wabaunsee County,Kansas,U.S.A.Chemical Geology,99( 1-3) :65-82.
Masao K,Masamichi T,Hiromi N and Yukio T.2005. Sedimentary environments of the Middle Permian phosphorite-chert complex from the northeastern Yangtze platform,China,the Gufeng Formation:A continental shelf radiolarian chert.Sedimentary Geology,174 ( 3-4) :197-222.
陈洪德,王成善,刘文均,覃建雄.1999b.华南二叠纪层序地层与盆地演化沉积学报,17(4) :529-535. Chen Hongde,Wang Chengshan,Liu Wenjun and Tan Jianxiong.1999b.Permian sequence stratigraphy and basin evolution in south of China.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,17 (4) :529-535.
冯增昭,何幼斌,吴胜和.1991. 中下扬子地区二叠纪岩相古地理.北京:地质出版社.1-282. Feng Zengzhao,He Youbin and Wu Shenghe.1991. Lithofacies Paleogeography of Permian of Middle and Lower Yangtze Region.Beijing:Geological Publishing House.1-282.
何斌,徐义刚,王雅玫,肖龙.2005. 东吴运动性质的厘定及其时空演变规律.地球科学,30(1) :89-96. He Bin,Xu Yigang,Wang Yamei and Xiao Long.2005. Nature of the Dongwu Movement and its temporal and spatial evolution.Earth Science,30( 1) :89-96.
黄思静,石和,张萌,沈立成,刘浩,武义慧.2001. 上扬子石炭-二叠纪海相碳酸盐的锶同位素演化与全球海平面变化.沉积学报,19(4) :482-487. Huang Sijing,Shi He,Zhang Meng,Shen Licheng,Liu Jie and W u Wenhui.2001. Strontium isotope evolution and global sea-level changes of Carboniferous and Permian marine carbonate,upper Yangtze platform.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,19(4) :482-487.
李双应,洪天求,金福全,刘辉,胡永强.2001. 巢县二叠系栖霞组臭灰岩段异地成因碳酸盐岩地层学杂志,25(1) :69-74.Li Shuangying,Hong Tianqiu,Jin Fuquan,Liu Hui and Hu Yongqiang.2001. Allochthonous carbonate rocks in the swine limestone member of the Permian Chihsia Formation of Chaoxian,Anhui.Journal of Stratigraphy,25 ( 1) :69-74.
李双应,孟庆任,万秋,孔为伦,何刚.2008. 长江中下游地区二叠纪碳酸盐斜坡沉积及其成矿意义.岩石学报,24(8) :1733-1744. Li Shuangying,Meng Qingren,Wan Qiu,Kong Weilun and He Gang.2008. Deposition of carbonate slope and ore-forming in Permian strata in the middle-luwer reaches of the Yangtze River,east China.Acta Petrologica Sinica ,24 (8) :1733-1744.
李双应,岳书仓.2002安徽巢湖二叠系栖霞组碳酸盐岩斜坡沉积沉积学报,20(1) :7-12. Li Shuangying and Yue Shucang.2002. Sedimentation on a carbonate slope of Permian Qixia Formation in Chaohu region,Anhui.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,20( 1) :7-12.
柳祖汉.2003. 湖南栖霞期的生物群落、古地理与生物礁.地质科学,38(2) :190-199. Liu Zuhan.2003. Communities,palaeogeography and reefs of Middle Permian Qixia period in Hunan.Chinese Journal of Geology,38 ( 2) :190-199.
吕炳全,瞿建忠.1989. 下扬子地区早二叠世海进和上升流形成的缺氧环境的沉积.科学通报,34(22) :1721-1724.Lü Bingquan and Qu Jianzhong.1989. The anoxic sediments related to the Early Permian transgression and upflow environment in the lower Yangtze area.Chinese Science Bulletin ,34 (22) :1721-1724.
牟传龙,丘东洲,王立全,万方.1997. 湘鄂赣二叠纪岩相古地理研究.岩相古地理,17(6) :1-21. Mu Chuanlong,Qiu Dongzhou,Wang Liquan and Wan Fang.1997. Permian sedimentary facies and palaeogeography in the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi region.Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography,17 (6) :1-21.
王立亭,陆彦邦,赵时九,罗晋辉.1994. 中国南方二叠纪岩相古地理与成矿作用.北京:地质出版社.59-61. Wang Liting,Lu Yanbang,Zhao Shijiu and Luo Jinhui.1994. Permian Lithofacies,Paleogeography and Mineralization in South China.Beijing:Geological Publishing House.59-61.
王永标,徐桂荣,林启祥.1997. 湖南慈利晚二叠世海绵礁与珊瑚礁的古生态研究.地球科学,22(2) :135-138. Wang Yongbiao,Xu Guirong and Lin Qixiang.1997. Paleoecological relations between coral reef and sponge reef of Late Permian in Cili area,west Hunan Province.Earth Science,22(2) :135-138.
王永标,徐桂荣,林启祥.1998. 湖南慈利晚二叠世生物礁成岩作用及成岩相特征.沉积学报,16(1) :132-136. Wang Yongbiao,Xu Guirong and Lin Qixiang.1998. Diagenesis and diagenetic facies of the Late Permian reef in Cili,Hunan Province.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,16( 1) :132-136.
颜佳新,徐四平,李方林.1998. 湖北巴东栖霞组缺氧沉积环境的地球化学特征.岩相古地理,18(6) :27-32. Yan Jiaxin,Xu Siping and Li Fanglin.1998. Geochemistry of the dysaerobie sedimentary environments of the Qixia Formation in Badong,Hubei.Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography ,18( 6) :27-32.
杨万容,杨长庚,沈建伟.2002. 湖南慈利晚二叠世长兴期珊瑚礁白云石化及其成岩环境.地质学报,76(1) :114-124. Yang Wanrong,Yang Changgeng and Shen Jianwei.2002. Dolomitization and diagenetic environments of Late Permian Changxingian coral reef in Cili,Hunan,south China.Acta Geologica Sinica ,76 ( 1) :114-124.
姚华舟,张仁杰.1996. 长江三峡地区晚二叠世晚期-早三叠世早期沉积特征.华南地质与矿产,(4) :63-68. Yao Huazhou and Zhang Renjie.1996. Late Late Permian-early Early Triassic sedimentary facies of the Yangtze gorges area.Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,(4) :63-68.
Hatch J R and Leventhal J S.1992. Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) Stark Shale Member of the Dennis Limestone,Wabaunsee County,Kansas,U.S.A.Chemical Geology,99( 1-3) :65-82.
Masao K,Masamichi T,Hiromi N and Yukio T.2005. Sedimentary environments of the Middle Permian phosphorite-chert complex from the northeastern Yangtze platform,China,the Gufeng Formation:A continental shelf radiolarian chert.Sedimentary Geology,174 ( 3-4) :197-222.
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