贵州小桐子特大雨雪冰冻低温灾害调查研究
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摘要
特大雨雪冰冻低温气候给贵州小桐子1~3年生幼林和苗木造成了很大灾害。调查显示:海拔600 m以上的幼林和苗木受害率达100%,海拔725 m以上全部冻死;阳坡和半阳坡的小桐子危害程度比阴坡和半阴坡低,同一坡向的中下部受害程度明显低于中上部,迎风面受害程度最为严重;受害严重的苗木顶梢损害10~15 cm,较轻的苗木顶梢损害0.8~4.5 cm;野生或半野生小桐子未造成灾害。重点针对Ⅲ级和Ⅱ级受害幼林开展贵州小桐子油料能源林的灾后重建,Ⅲ级受害幼林应重造,Ⅱ级受害幼林应开展修枝整形、喷施消毒灭菌、补植等抚育管理。
Due to the low temperature of the extreme freezing rain and snow weather,the young forests(aged 1 to 3 years) and the seedlings of the physic nut were seriously damaged by the disaster.It was showed by investigation that the injury ratio for the young forest and the seedlings at the altitude of >600 m was 100%,and all the young forests and the seedling above the altitude of 725 m died.The damage degree of the physics nut on the sunny and semi-sunny slopes was lower than that on shady and semi-shady slopes,and that on the lower and middle parts of the slopes was lower than that on the upper and middle parts of the slopes in the same slope aspect,and the injury degree of the physic nut on the windward was the highest.The average terminal death length of the seedlings in heavy damaged area was 10 to 15 cm,and that on slight damaged area was 0.8 to 4.5 cm.No significant damage was observed for the wild and the semi-wild physic nuts.The reestablishment of the oil-bearing energy forest of the physic nut should be focused on the young forests with injury grade Ⅱand Ⅲ.For the young forests in grade Ⅲ,it is needed to reforest,and for the young forests in grade Ⅱ,it should be managed by artificial pruning,disinfecting,and reinforcement planting,etc.
Due to the low temperature of the extreme freezing rain and snow weather,the young forests(aged 1 to 3 years) and the seedlings of the physic nut were seriously damaged by the disaster.It was showed by investigation that the injury ratio for the young forest and the seedlings at the altitude of >600 m was 100%,and all the young forests and the seedling above the altitude of 725 m died.The damage degree of the physics nut on the sunny and semi-sunny slopes was lower than that on shady and semi-shady slopes,and that on the lower and middle parts of the slopes was lower than that on the upper and middle parts of the slopes in the same slope aspect,and the injury degree of the physic nut on the windward was the highest.The average terminal death length of the seedlings in heavy damaged area was 10 to 15 cm,and that on slight damaged area was 0.8 to 4.5 cm.No significant damage was observed for the wild and the semi-wild physic nuts.The reestablishment of the oil-bearing energy forest of the physic nut should be focused on the young forests with injury grade Ⅱand Ⅲ.For the young forests in grade Ⅲ,it is needed to reforest,and for the young forests in grade Ⅱ,it should be managed by artificial pruning,disinfecting,and reinforcement planting,etc.
引文
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[2]罗通,邓骛远,陈放.不同产地麻疯树的抗冷性研究[J].内蒙古大学学报,2006,37(4):447-449
[3]万泉,黄勇,肖祥希.麻疯树不同地理种源种子性状及苗期生长初报[J].福建林业科技,2006,33(4):13-16,30
[4]罗建勋,奉正顺,唐平,等.四川小桐子分布特点及适生环境选择初探[J].西南林学院学报,2007,27(3):6-10
[5]余叔文,汤章城.植物生理与分子生物学(第二版)[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:721
[6]陈波涛,邓伯龙,郁建平,等.贵州省麻疯树资源调查研究[J].中国林副特产,2006,85(6):55-57
[7]苏孝良,于曙明,陈波涛.贵州木本生物质能资源[M].贵阳:贵州省科技出版社,2007:62-76
[8]张明生,张丽霞,吴树敬,等.三种胁迫预处理对麻疯树幼苗抗冷性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(5):60-62
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