摘要
对当前(69份)与20世纪70年代(66份)云南元阳哈尼梯田135份地方稻种的23个农艺性状进行鉴定评价。结果表明,23个农艺性状多样性指数(H′)的平均值为1.801,其中当前和过去分别为1.766和1.784;当前和过去变异系数的平均值分别为21.7%和19.5%;表型类型丰富,当前地方稻种的多样性保存状况好。主要表型特性是红米类型多,有84份,占62.2%;落粒性强,7级以上的稻种有120份,占88.9%;大穗多粒型丰富,穗长和每穗总粒数平均分别为24.8cm和175.0粒。筛选出紫糯、月亮谷等16份优异资源,可供深入研究与育种利用。
23 agronomic traits of 135 paddy rice landraces from Yuanyang Hani terraced fields of Yunnan Province were evaluated,66 accessions in 1970s,and 69 accessions planted currently.The results showed that the average of diversity index(H′) of 23 traits was 1.801,which of the present and the past landraces were 1.766 and 1.784,respectively.The coefficient variation of the present and the past landraces were 21.7% and 19.5%,respectively.The phenotypic types of the paddy rice landraces were various from Yuanyang Hani Terraced fields of Yunnan,the genetic diversity was conserved perfectly.The main phenotypic characteristics of 135 paddy rice landraces were as fellowing: the accessions of red brown rice were 84,account for 62.2%.The shattering of these paddy rice landraces was very easy,and 120 accessions were exceed 7 grades and account for 88.9%.The paddy rice landraces with big panicle and multi-grain were very rich,the mean of panicle length was 24.8cm,the mean of spikeletes per panicle were 175.0 grains.In addition,"Zinuo" and "Yuelianggu",etc.16 outstanding landraces were screened out for further research and application of breeding in future.
引文
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