云南元阳哈尼梯田地方稻种的主要农艺性状鉴定评价
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摘要
对当前(69份)与20世纪70年代(66份)云南元阳哈尼梯田135份地方稻种的23个农艺性状进行鉴定评价。结果表明,23个农艺性状多样性指数(H′)的平均值为1.801,其中当前和过去分别为1.766和1.784;当前和过去变异系数的平均值分别为21.7%和19.5%;表型类型丰富,当前地方稻种的多样性保存状况好。主要表型特性是红米类型多,有84份,占62.2%;落粒性强,7级以上的稻种有120份,占88.9%;大穗多粒型丰富,穗长和每穗总粒数平均分别为24.8cm和175.0粒。筛选出紫糯、月亮谷等16份优异资源,可供深入研究与育种利用。
23 agronomic traits of 135 paddy rice landraces from Yuanyang Hani terraced fields of Yunnan Province were evaluated,66 accessions in 1970s,and 69 accessions planted currently.The results showed that the average of diversity index(H′) of 23 traits was 1.801,which of the present and the past landraces were 1.766 and 1.784,respectively.The coefficient variation of the present and the past landraces were 21.7% and 19.5%,respectively.The phenotypic types of the paddy rice landraces were various from Yuanyang Hani Terraced fields of Yunnan,the genetic diversity was conserved perfectly.The main phenotypic characteristics of 135 paddy rice landraces were as fellowing: the accessions of red brown rice were 84,account for 62.2%.The shattering of these paddy rice landraces was very easy,and 120 accessions were exceed 7 grades and account for 88.9%.The paddy rice landraces with big panicle and multi-grain were very rich,the mean of panicle length was 24.8cm,the mean of spikeletes per panicle were 175.0 grains.In addition,"Zinuo" and "Yuelianggu",etc.16 outstanding landraces were screened out for further research and application of breeding in future.
23 agronomic traits of 135 paddy rice landraces from Yuanyang Hani terraced fields of Yunnan Province were evaluated,66 accessions in 1970s,and 69 accessions planted currently.The results showed that the average of diversity index(H′) of 23 traits was 1.801,which of the present and the past landraces were 1.766 and 1.784,respectively.The coefficient variation of the present and the past landraces were 21.7% and 19.5%,respectively.The phenotypic types of the paddy rice landraces were various from Yuanyang Hani Terraced fields of Yunnan,the genetic diversity was conserved perfectly.The main phenotypic characteristics of 135 paddy rice landraces were as fellowing: the accessions of red brown rice were 84,account for 62.2%.The shattering of these paddy rice landraces was very easy,and 120 accessions were exceed 7 grades and account for 88.9%.The paddy rice landraces with big panicle and multi-grain were very rich,the mean of panicle length was 24.8cm,the mean of spikeletes per panicle were 175.0 grains.In addition,"Zinuo" and "Yuelianggu",etc.16 outstanding landraces were screened out for further research and application of breeding in future.
引文
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[3]曾亚文,李自超,申时全,等.云南地方稻种的多样性及优异种质研究[J].中国水稻科学,2001,15(3):169-174
[4]蒋志农,晏一祥.云南稻种遗传资源的多样性[J].遗传,1998,20(增刊):98-102
[5]姚敏,崔保山.哈尼梯田湿地生态系统的垂直特征[J].生态学报,2006,26(7):2115-2124
[6]冯金朝,石莎,何松杰.云南哈尼梯田生态系统研究[J].中央民族大学学报(自然科学版),2008,17(增刊):146-152
[7]严火其,李琦.自然主义的哈尼稻作及其可持续发展[J].中国农史,2008(3):33-44
[8]黎志康.我国水稻分子育种计划的策略[J].分子植物育种,2005,3(5):602-608
[9]Gurdve S K.Challenges for meeting the global food and nutrientneeds in the new millennium[J].Proceedings of the NutritionSociety,2001,60:15-26
[10]董玉琛.作物种质资源学科的发展和展望[J].中国工程科学,2001,3(1):1-5
[11]李亚莉.云南迪庆藏区藏族传统文化影响下的青稞传统种质资源遗传多样性研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2008
[12]韩龙植,魏兴华.水稻种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:65-81
[13]卢纹岱.SPSS for Window统计分析[M].北京:北京电子工业出版社,2000
[14]黎毛毛,余丽琴,付军如,等.江西红米稻种资源主要农艺性状及营养特性分析与评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2008,9(4):480-484
[15]徐福荣,戴陆园,叶昌荣,等.云南地方稻种资源多种表现型现象分析(一)[J].西南农业大学学报,2003,20(增刊):41-43
[16]徐福荣,戴陆园,叶昌荣,等.云南稻种资源表现型分布地和分布民族分析[J].西南农业大学学报,2005,27(1):14-19
[17]元阳县志编辑委员会.元阳县志[M].贵阳:贵州民族出版社,1990:94-127
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