贵州遵义黄家湾下寒武统牛蹄塘组镍-钼富集层电子探针研究
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摘要
对贵州遵义黄家湾下寒武统牛蹄塘组镍-钼富集层进行电子探针研究,发现镍主要赋存于黄铁矿、针镍矿、辉砷镍矿、铁辉砷镍矿、紫硫镍矿、赫硫镍矿;钼主要以"碳硫钼矿"的形式存在。镍钼硫化物多与黄铁矿、白铁矿交代共生,反映矿物经历了不同的成矿阶段。岩石中不仅富集Ni、Mo元素,而且Se元素存在超常富集,可以视为热液作用或生物作用的结果。遵义黄家湾下寒武统Ni-Mo富集层应为海底热液沉积和生物沉积混合成因,其物源较为复杂。
In this study,several minerals such as pyrite,vaesite,gersdorffite,Fe-bearing gersdorffite,violarite and heazlewoodite;and a C-Mo-smixed-layer phase(MoSC) have been detected from the Ni-Mo ores at Huangjiawan,.Zunyi,Guizhou Province,on the basis of electron microprobe analyses.Ni occurs mainly in Ni-minerals mentioned above.Mo occurs as MoSC.Se is distributed almost in the whole Ni-Mo sulfide layer with higher contents in the Ni-Mo-rich strata of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation.The present study indicates that the origin of Ni-Mo sulfide layer is related to sea-floor hydrothermal exhalation and biological accumulation.
In this study,several minerals such as pyrite,vaesite,gersdorffite,Fe-bearing gersdorffite,violarite and heazlewoodite;and a C-Mo-smixed-layer phase(MoSC) have been detected from the Ni-Mo ores at Huangjiawan,.Zunyi,Guizhou Province,on the basis of electron microprobe analyses.Ni occurs mainly in Ni-minerals mentioned above.Mo occurs as MoSC.Se is distributed almost in the whole Ni-Mo sulfide layer with higher contents in the Ni-Mo-rich strata of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation.The present study indicates that the origin of Ni-Mo sulfide layer is related to sea-floor hydrothermal exhalation and biological accumulation.
引文
[1]张爱云,伍大茂,郭丽娜,等.海相黑色页岩建造地球化学与成矿意义[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.
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[5]叶杰,范德廉.黑色岩系型矿床的形成作用及其在我国的产出特征[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2000,19(2):95-102.
[6]Wignall P B.Black Shales[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1994:127.
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[8]于炳松,Dong H,等.塔里木盆地北部下寒武统底部黑色页岩的Re-Os和Nd同位素特征及其与扬子地台的对比[J].中国科学(D辑),2004,34(A01):83-88.
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[11]曾明果,遵义黄家湾镍钼矿地质特征及开发前景[J].贵州地质,1998,15(4):305-310.
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[13]Coveney R MJr,Chen N.Ni-Mo-PGE-Au-rich ores in Chinese black shales and speculations on possible analogues in the United States[J].Mineralium Deposita,1991,26:83-88.
[14]李胜荣,高振敏.湘黔寒武系底部黑色岩系贵金属元素来源示踪[J].中国科学(D辑),2000,30(2):169-174.
[15]Steiner M,et al.Submarine-hydrothermal exhalative ore layers in black shales fromSouth China and associated fossils-insights into a LowerCambrian facies and bio-evolution[J].Palaeos,2001,169:165.
[16]温汉捷,裘愉卓,刘世荣.硒在干酪根中的两种不同赋存状态:TEM证据[J].地球化学,2003,32:21-27.
[17]Jiang S-Y,Chen Y-Q,Ling H-F,et al.Trace-and rare-earth element geochemistry and Pb-Pb dating of black shales and intercalated Ni-Mo-PGE-Au sulfide ores in Lower Cambrian strata,Yangtze Platform,South China[J].Mineralium Deposita,2006,41:453-467.
[18]Mao J W,Lehmann B,Du AD,et al.Re-Os dating of poly-metallic Ni-Mo-PGE-Au mineralization in Lower Cambrian blackhales of SouthChina and its geological significance[J].Econ Geo,2002,l97:1051-1061.
[19]罗泰义,宁兴贤,罗远良,等.贵州遵义早寒武黑色岩系底部Se的超常富集[J].矿物学报,2005,25(3):275-282.
[20]潘家永,马东升,夏菲,等.湘西北下寒武统镍-钼多金属富集层镍与钼的赋存状态研究[J].矿物学报,2005,25(3):315-319.
[21]杨剑,易发成,钱壮志.黔北黑色岩系干酪根特征与碳同位素指示意义[J].矿物岩石,2005,25(1):99-103.
[22]Kao L S,Peacor D R,Coveney R M,et al.A C/MoS2 mixed-layer phase(MoSC)occurring in metalliferous black shales from southernChina,and new data on jordisite[J].American Mineralogist,2001,86:852-861.
[23]佟景贵,李胜荣,肖启云,等.贵州遵义中南村黑色岩系黄铁矿的成分标型与成因探讨[J].现代地质,2004,18(1):41-47.
[24]陈光远,邵伟,孙岱生.胶东金矿成因矿物学与找矿[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1989.
[25]Murowchick J B,Coveney R M,Grauch R I,et al.Rheniumand osmiumisotopes in black shales and Ni-Mo-PGE-rich sulfide layers,Yu-kon Territory,Canada,and Hunan and Guizhou Provinces,China[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1994,58:257-265.
[26]张光弟,曾明果,等.贵州遵义黑色页岩铂族金属富集特点及富集模式[J].矿床地质,2002,21(4):377-386.
[2]范德廉,张焘,等.缺氧环境与超大矿床的形成[J].中国科学(D辑),1998,28(增刊):57-62.
[3]蒲心纯,周浩达,王熙林,等.中国南方寒武纪岩相古地理与成矿作用(M).北京:地质出版社,1994
[4]吴朝东,储著银.黑色页岩微量元素形态分析及地质意义[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2001,20(1):14-20.
[5]叶杰,范德廉.黑色岩系型矿床的形成作用及其在我国的产出特征[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2000,19(2):95-102.
[6]Wignall P B.Black Shales[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1994:127.
[7]毛景文,张光第,杜安道,等.遵义黄家湾镍钼铂族元素矿床地质、地球化学和Re-Os同位素年龄测定———兼论华南寒武系底部黑色页岩多金属成矿作用[J].地质学报,2001,75(2):234-244.
[8]于炳松,Dong H,等.塔里木盆地北部下寒武统底部黑色页岩的Re-Os和Nd同位素特征及其与扬子地台的对比[J].中国科学(D辑),2004,34(A01):83-88.
[9]Meyers P A,Pratt L M,Nagy B.Geochemistry of metalliferous black shales[J].Chem Geol,1992,99:211.
[10]于炳松,林畅松.塔里木盆地下寒武统底部黑色页岩地球化学及其岩石圈演化意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2002,32:374-382.
[11]曾明果,遵义黄家湾镍钼矿地质特征及开发前景[J].贵州地质,1998,15(4):305-310.
[12]Fan D,Yang R,Huang Z.The lower Cambrian black shale series and the iridiumanomaly in south China[A].Academia Sinica.Develop-ments in Geosciences[C].Beijing:Science Press,1984:215.
[13]Coveney R MJr,Chen N.Ni-Mo-PGE-Au-rich ores in Chinese black shales and speculations on possible analogues in the United States[J].Mineralium Deposita,1991,26:83-88.
[14]李胜荣,高振敏.湘黔寒武系底部黑色岩系贵金属元素来源示踪[J].中国科学(D辑),2000,30(2):169-174.
[15]Steiner M,et al.Submarine-hydrothermal exhalative ore layers in black shales fromSouth China and associated fossils-insights into a LowerCambrian facies and bio-evolution[J].Palaeos,2001,169:165.
[16]温汉捷,裘愉卓,刘世荣.硒在干酪根中的两种不同赋存状态:TEM证据[J].地球化学,2003,32:21-27.
[17]Jiang S-Y,Chen Y-Q,Ling H-F,et al.Trace-and rare-earth element geochemistry and Pb-Pb dating of black shales and intercalated Ni-Mo-PGE-Au sulfide ores in Lower Cambrian strata,Yangtze Platform,South China[J].Mineralium Deposita,2006,41:453-467.
[18]Mao J W,Lehmann B,Du AD,et al.Re-Os dating of poly-metallic Ni-Mo-PGE-Au mineralization in Lower Cambrian blackhales of SouthChina and its geological significance[J].Econ Geo,2002,l97:1051-1061.
[19]罗泰义,宁兴贤,罗远良,等.贵州遵义早寒武黑色岩系底部Se的超常富集[J].矿物学报,2005,25(3):275-282.
[20]潘家永,马东升,夏菲,等.湘西北下寒武统镍-钼多金属富集层镍与钼的赋存状态研究[J].矿物学报,2005,25(3):315-319.
[21]杨剑,易发成,钱壮志.黔北黑色岩系干酪根特征与碳同位素指示意义[J].矿物岩石,2005,25(1):99-103.
[22]Kao L S,Peacor D R,Coveney R M,et al.A C/MoS2 mixed-layer phase(MoSC)occurring in metalliferous black shales from southernChina,and new data on jordisite[J].American Mineralogist,2001,86:852-861.
[23]佟景贵,李胜荣,肖启云,等.贵州遵义中南村黑色岩系黄铁矿的成分标型与成因探讨[J].现代地质,2004,18(1):41-47.
[24]陈光远,邵伟,孙岱生.胶东金矿成因矿物学与找矿[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1989.
[25]Murowchick J B,Coveney R M,Grauch R I,et al.Rheniumand osmiumisotopes in black shales and Ni-Mo-PGE-rich sulfide layers,Yu-kon Territory,Canada,and Hunan and Guizhou Provinces,China[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1994,58:257-265.
[26]张光弟,曾明果,等.贵州遵义黑色页岩铂族金属富集特点及富集模式[J].矿床地质,2002,21(4):377-386.
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