长江河口电厂温排水输运扩散数值模拟
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摘要
本文建立长江河口温排水三维数值模式,模拟华能石洞口第一电厂二期改进工程和综合考虑整个长江河口电厂夏季温排水输运扩散,分析温排水对敏感目标的影响.受长江径流和混合作用,温排水沿南支南岸向下游输运扩散.在仅考虑本工程情况下,在排水口附近温升出现了超过2.0℃的区域,但在取水口温排水的影响微小,温升仅为0.04℃左右.全潮平均表层温升3.0、2.0、1.0℃的面积分别为0.12、0.6、1.42 km~2.潮周期和全潮平均温升1℃包络线未进入陈行水库水源地保护区.在综合考虑整个长江河口电厂情况下,温升超过1℃的影响范围大,主要分布在太仓发电厂至外高桥发电厂下游沿南支南岸约50 km的水域内.华能发电厂附近和下游水域温升显著,出现了温升超过4℃的较大范围.全潮平均表层温升3.0、2.0、1.0℃的面积分别为2.34、4.16、13.52 km~2.沿本工程取水口和排水口断面,温升沿岸大、离岸小,在近岸出现垂向分层.温升1℃等温线侵入了陈行水库水源地保护区.在陈行水库水源地二级保护区内大潮、中潮、小潮和全潮平均温升1℃的面积分别为1.9、1.82、1.75和1.83 km~2.长江河口电厂夏季排放温排水对青草沙水库和东风西沙水库水源地保护区,以及九段沙湿地自然保护区和崇明东滩鸟类自然保护区均没有影响.
The three dimensional numerical model of thermal discharge water in the Changjiang estuary was established to simulate the transport and diffusion of thermal discharge water from the Huaneng Shidongkou first power plant under second-phase rebuild project and the whole power plants in the estuary in summertime,and analyze their impacts on the sensitive targets.The thermal discharge water transports and diffusions downstream along the south coast of the South Branch affected by the runoff and mixing.In the case of only considered the project,there appeared area of temperature rise of greater than 2.0 ℃ near the drain outlet,while the impact is weak and the temperature rise is only 0.04 ℃ in the water intake.The area of whole tide-averaged surface temperature rise of 3.0,2.0 and 1.0 ℃ is 0.12,0.60 and 1.42 km~2,respectively.The tidal and week averaged temperature rise envelope of 1 ℃ does not enter the water source protection area of Chenhang reservoir.In the case of considered the whole power plants in the estuary,the area of temperature rise of greater than 1.0 ℃ is wider,mainly distributes along the south coast of the South Branch in 50 km range from Taicang power plants to the downstream coast of Waigaoqiao power plants.The temperature rise is significant and appears wider area of greater than 4 ℃ near the Huaneng power plants and downstream water.The areas of whole tide-averaged temperature rise of 3.0,2.0,1.0 ℃ reach 2.34,4.16,13.52 km~2,respectively.The temperature rise is higher and stratification near the coast,and decreases off the coast along the sections cross the water intake and drain outlet of the project.The isotherm of temperature rise of 1 ℃ invades the water source protection area of Chenhang reservoir.The area of temperature rise of 1 ℃ averaged during spring,middle,neap and week reaches 1.9,1.82,1.75 and1.83 km~2 in the secondary water source reserve of Chenhang reservoir.There is no impact of thermal discharge water from the whole power plants in the Chnagjiang Estuary on the water source protection area of Qingcaosha and Dongfeng xisha reservoir,Jiuduansha wetland nature reserve and Chongming Estern shoal birds nature reserve.
The three dimensional numerical model of thermal discharge water in the Changjiang estuary was established to simulate the transport and diffusion of thermal discharge water from the Huaneng Shidongkou first power plant under second-phase rebuild project and the whole power plants in the estuary in summertime,and analyze their impacts on the sensitive targets.The thermal discharge water transports and diffusions downstream along the south coast of the South Branch affected by the runoff and mixing.In the case of only considered the project,there appeared area of temperature rise of greater than 2.0 ℃ near the drain outlet,while the impact is weak and the temperature rise is only 0.04 ℃ in the water intake.The area of whole tide-averaged surface temperature rise of 3.0,2.0 and 1.0 ℃ is 0.12,0.60 and 1.42 km~2,respectively.The tidal and week averaged temperature rise envelope of 1 ℃ does not enter the water source protection area of Chenhang reservoir.In the case of considered the whole power plants in the estuary,the area of temperature rise of greater than 1.0 ℃ is wider,mainly distributes along the south coast of the South Branch in 50 km range from Taicang power plants to the downstream coast of Waigaoqiao power plants.The temperature rise is significant and appears wider area of greater than 4 ℃ near the Huaneng power plants and downstream water.The areas of whole tide-averaged temperature rise of 3.0,2.0,1.0 ℃ reach 2.34,4.16,13.52 km~2,respectively.The temperature rise is higher and stratification near the coast,and decreases off the coast along the sections cross the water intake and drain outlet of the project.The isotherm of temperature rise of 1 ℃ invades the water source protection area of Chenhang reservoir.The area of temperature rise of 1 ℃ averaged during spring,middle,neap and week reaches 1.9,1.82,1.75 and1.83 km~2 in the secondary water source reserve of Chenhang reservoir.There is no impact of thermal discharge water from the whole power plants in the Chnagjiang Estuary on the water source protection area of Qingcaosha and Dongfeng xisha reservoir,Jiuduansha wetland nature reserve and Chongming Estern shoal birds nature reserve.
引文
[1]许晟轶,朱建荣,陈晒睿.长江河口石洞口电厂扩建工程温排水三维数值模拟[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010(6):26-34.
[2]HARLEMAN D R F,HALL L C.Thermal diffusion of condenser water in a river during steady and unsteady flows with application to the T.V.A.Browns Ferry nuclear power plant[J].Hydrodynamics Laboratory Report,1968(3):98-115.
[3]MCGUIRK J J,RODI W.A depth averaged mathematical model for near field of side Discharges into open channel flow[J].Fluid Mech,1978(86):761-781.
[4]WEBB B W,NOBILIS F.Water temperature behavior in the River Danube during the twentieth century[J].Hydrobiologia,1994,291:105-113.
[5]HAMRICK J M,MILLS W B.Analysis of water temperatures in Conowingo Pond as influenced by the Peach Bottom atomic power plant thermal discharge[J].Environmental Science&Policy,2000(3):197-209.
[6]POORNIMA E H,RAJADURAI M,RAO T S,et al.Impact of thermal discharge from a tropical coastal power plant on phytoplankton[J].Journal of Thermal Biology,2005,30(4):307-316.
[7]MOATAR F,GAILHARD J.Water temperature behaviour in the River Loire since 1976 and 1881[J].Comptes Rendus Geosciences,2006,338(5):319-328.
[8]王银爽.电厂温排水数值模拟[D].南京:河海大学,2007.
[9]崔丹,姜治兵.近岸海域电厂温排水数值模拟[J].长江科学院院报,2008,25(2):13-15.
[10]张继民.电厂温排水对水生生物的热影响及水质影响研究[D].南京:河海大学,2006.
[11]吴海杰,王志刚,陈淑丰.滨海电站温排水数值模拟[J].电力科技与环保,2005,21(4):48-51.
[12]朱羿.电厂温排放的水环境数学模拟及热环境容量计算[D].南京:河海大学,2005.
[13]杨芳丽,谢作涛,张小峰,等.非正交曲线坐标系平面二维电厂温排水模拟[J].水利水运工程学报,2005(2):36-40.
[14]周莉华.基于POM模型的天生港电厂温排水三维数值模拟研究[D].南京:河海大学,2006.
[15]朱军政.强潮海湾温排水三维数值模拟[J].水力发电学报,2007,26(4):56-60.
[16]何国建,赵慧明,方红卫.潮汐影响下电厂温排水运动的三维数值模拟[J].水力发电学报,2008,27(3):125-131.
[17]QIU C,ZHU J R.Influence of seasonal runoff regulation by the Three Gorges Reservoir on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary[J].Continental Shelf Research,2013,71:16-26.
[2]HARLEMAN D R F,HALL L C.Thermal diffusion of condenser water in a river during steady and unsteady flows with application to the T.V.A.Browns Ferry nuclear power plant[J].Hydrodynamics Laboratory Report,1968(3):98-115.
[3]MCGUIRK J J,RODI W.A depth averaged mathematical model for near field of side Discharges into open channel flow[J].Fluid Mech,1978(86):761-781.
[4]WEBB B W,NOBILIS F.Water temperature behavior in the River Danube during the twentieth century[J].Hydrobiologia,1994,291:105-113.
[5]HAMRICK J M,MILLS W B.Analysis of water temperatures in Conowingo Pond as influenced by the Peach Bottom atomic power plant thermal discharge[J].Environmental Science&Policy,2000(3):197-209.
[6]POORNIMA E H,RAJADURAI M,RAO T S,et al.Impact of thermal discharge from a tropical coastal power plant on phytoplankton[J].Journal of Thermal Biology,2005,30(4):307-316.
[7]MOATAR F,GAILHARD J.Water temperature behaviour in the River Loire since 1976 and 1881[J].Comptes Rendus Geosciences,2006,338(5):319-328.
[8]王银爽.电厂温排水数值模拟[D].南京:河海大学,2007.
[9]崔丹,姜治兵.近岸海域电厂温排水数值模拟[J].长江科学院院报,2008,25(2):13-15.
[10]张继民.电厂温排水对水生生物的热影响及水质影响研究[D].南京:河海大学,2006.
[11]吴海杰,王志刚,陈淑丰.滨海电站温排水数值模拟[J].电力科技与环保,2005,21(4):48-51.
[12]朱羿.电厂温排放的水环境数学模拟及热环境容量计算[D].南京:河海大学,2005.
[13]杨芳丽,谢作涛,张小峰,等.非正交曲线坐标系平面二维电厂温排水模拟[J].水利水运工程学报,2005(2):36-40.
[14]周莉华.基于POM模型的天生港电厂温排水三维数值模拟研究[D].南京:河海大学,2006.
[15]朱军政.强潮海湾温排水三维数值模拟[J].水力发电学报,2007,26(4):56-60.
[16]何国建,赵慧明,方红卫.潮汐影响下电厂温排水运动的三维数值模拟[J].水力发电学报,2008,27(3):125-131.
[17]QIU C,ZHU J R.Influence of seasonal runoff regulation by the Three Gorges Reservoir on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary[J].Continental Shelf Research,2013,71:16-26.
目录