基于实有人口数据的城市公园绿地服务分析——以上海市外环以内区域为例
|
摘要
城市公园绿地与居民的日常生活密切相关,目前对公园绿地的服务分析主要用的是基于行政单元的人口统计数据,难以反映行政单元内的指标差异.本研究利用精确到门牌号的上海市实有人口数据,基于GIS的栅格分析方法对上海市外环以内的公园绿地服务现状进行分析.按不同等级公园的服务半径对研究区域进行划分,分析了每个公园绿地的服务范围、服务人口、单位面积的服务人口和人均公园绿地面积;计算整个研究区域内公园绿地的服务盲区,分析了服务盲区的面积、人口数量和人口密度.
Urban public green space is fundamentally important for residents' daily life.Traditional methods for calculating service population of urban public green space often adopt administrative regions as analytical units for statistical analysis.This relies on the division of administrative units and cannot reflect population variation within a unit.This paper performed the analysis at a finer resolution with more accurate real population data within the outer ring of Shanghai.The methods and procedures were proposed to calculate the results based on raster analysis of Geographic Information System(GIS).First,with cost allocation function in GIS,service area,service population and service population per unit area were analyzed by assigning different service distances of each urban public green space.Second,no service area,population and population density in no service area were analyzed.
Urban public green space is fundamentally important for residents' daily life.Traditional methods for calculating service population of urban public green space often adopt administrative regions as analytical units for statistical analysis.This relies on the division of administrative units and cannot reflect population variation within a unit.This paper performed the analysis at a finer resolution with more accurate real population data within the outer ring of Shanghai.The methods and procedures were proposed to calculate the results based on raster analysis of Geographic Information System(GIS).First,with cost allocation function in GIS,service area,service population and service population per unit area were analyzed by assigning different service distances of each urban public green space.Second,no service area,population and population density in no service area were analyzed.
引文
[1]张利华.张京昆,黄宝荣.城市绿地生态综合评价研究进展[J].中国人口资源与环境.2011(5):140-147.
[2]张利华,邹波,黄宝荣.城市绿地生态功能综合评价体系研究的新视角[J].中国人口资源与环境,2012(4):67-71.
[3]李博,宋云,俞孔坚.城市公园绿地规划中的可达性指标评价方法[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2008(4):61 8-624.
[4]荣冰凌,陈春娣,邓红兵.城市绿色空间综合评价指标体系构建及应用[J].城市环境与城市生态,2009,22(1):33-37.
[5]AHN T,CHOI H,KIM I,et al.A study on the method of measuring accessibility to urban open spaces[J].Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture,1991,18(4):17-28.
[6]尹海伟,孔繁花,宗跃光.城市绿地可达性与公平性评价[J].生态学报,2008(7):3375-3383.
[7]李文,张林,李莹.哈尔滨城市公园可达性和服务效率分析[J].中国园林,2010(8):59-62.
[8]OH K,JEONG S.Assessing the spatial distribution of urban parks using GIS[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2007,82(1/2):25-32.
[9]ROSA D L.Accessibility to greenspaces:GIS based indicators for sustainable planning in a dense urban context[J].Ecological Indicators,2014,42:122-134.
[10]陈书谦.基于网络分析法的公园绿地可达性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.
[11]周廷刚,郭达志.基于GIS的城市绿地景观引力场研究:以宁波市为例[J].生态学报,2004(6):1157-1163.
[12]江海燕,周春山,肖荣波.广州公园绿地的空间差异及社会公平研究[J].城市规划,2010(4):43-48.
[13]余柏蒗,胡志明,吴健平,等.上海市中心城区公园绿地对居住区的社会服务功能定量分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013(7):871-879.
[14]马林兵,曹小曙.基于GIS的城市公共绿地景观可达性评价方法[J],中山大学学报(自然科学版),2006(6):111-115.
[15]陈雯,王远飞.城市公园区位分配公平性评价研究:以上海市外环线以内区域为例[J].安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版),2009(4):373-377.
[16]马琳,陆玉麒.基于路网结构的城市绿地景观可达性研究:以南京市主城区公园绿地为例[J].中国园林,2011(7):92-96.
[17]蔡彦庭,文雅,程炯,等.广州中心城区公园绿地空间格局及可达性分析[J].生态环境学报,2011(11):1647-1652.
[18]卢宁,李俊英,闫红伟.等.城市公园绿地可达性分析:以沈阳市铁西区为例[J].应用生态学报.2014(10):2951-29S8.
[2]张利华,邹波,黄宝荣.城市绿地生态功能综合评价体系研究的新视角[J].中国人口资源与环境,2012(4):67-71.
[3]李博,宋云,俞孔坚.城市公园绿地规划中的可达性指标评价方法[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2008(4):61 8-624.
[4]荣冰凌,陈春娣,邓红兵.城市绿色空间综合评价指标体系构建及应用[J].城市环境与城市生态,2009,22(1):33-37.
[5]AHN T,CHOI H,KIM I,et al.A study on the method of measuring accessibility to urban open spaces[J].Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture,1991,18(4):17-28.
[6]尹海伟,孔繁花,宗跃光.城市绿地可达性与公平性评价[J].生态学报,2008(7):3375-3383.
[7]李文,张林,李莹.哈尔滨城市公园可达性和服务效率分析[J].中国园林,2010(8):59-62.
[8]OH K,JEONG S.Assessing the spatial distribution of urban parks using GIS[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2007,82(1/2):25-32.
[9]ROSA D L.Accessibility to greenspaces:GIS based indicators for sustainable planning in a dense urban context[J].Ecological Indicators,2014,42:122-134.
[10]陈书谦.基于网络分析法的公园绿地可达性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.
[11]周廷刚,郭达志.基于GIS的城市绿地景观引力场研究:以宁波市为例[J].生态学报,2004(6):1157-1163.
[12]江海燕,周春山,肖荣波.广州公园绿地的空间差异及社会公平研究[J].城市规划,2010(4):43-48.
[13]余柏蒗,胡志明,吴健平,等.上海市中心城区公园绿地对居住区的社会服务功能定量分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013(7):871-879.
[14]马林兵,曹小曙.基于GIS的城市公共绿地景观可达性评价方法[J],中山大学学报(自然科学版),2006(6):111-115.
[15]陈雯,王远飞.城市公园区位分配公平性评价研究:以上海市外环线以内区域为例[J].安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版),2009(4):373-377.
[16]马琳,陆玉麒.基于路网结构的城市绿地景观可达性研究:以南京市主城区公园绿地为例[J].中国园林,2011(7):92-96.
[17]蔡彦庭,文雅,程炯,等.广州中心城区公园绿地空间格局及可达性分析[J].生态环境学报,2011(11):1647-1652.
[18]卢宁,李俊英,闫红伟.等.城市公园绿地可达性分析:以沈阳市铁西区为例[J].应用生态学报.2014(10):2951-29S8.
目录