江苏沿江生态防护林树种评价体系的建立与树种的初步筛选
|
摘要
采用层次分析法(AHP),以生长适应性、生态防护能力、景观价值和经济价值为Ⅰ级指标,以耐水湿性、抗污染性、生长速率、树冠特征、枝条特征和根系特征以及叶、花、果、树干和树形的观赏价值及材用、药用、食用和工业价值为Ⅱ级指标,确定各评价指标的权重值和赋值,建立了江苏沿江生态防护林树种综合评价体系。将江苏沿江生态防护林划分为水源涵养和水土保持林、景观防护林、污染隔离林和农林复合防护林4种类型,以耐水湿性、抗污染性、抗风性、水土保持能力、景观价值、经济价值和生长速率为评价指标,并设置各指标的权重值,建立了江苏沿江生态防护林树种分类评价体系。利用综合评价体系对223个树种进行评价,分别筛选出适用于江苏沿江生态防护林建设的综合得分前20位的落叶乔木、常绿乔木和灌木种类,其中,落叶乔木包括中山杉(Taxodium distichum‘Zhongshansha’)、池杉(T.ascendens Brongn.)、落羽杉〔T.distichum(L.)Rich.〕、墨西哥落羽杉(T.mucronatumTenore)和水杉(Metasequoia glyptostroboidesHu et Cheng)等,常绿乔木包括樟树〔Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Presl〕、北美红杉〔Sequoia sempervirens(Lamb.)Lindl.〕、浙江樟(C.chekiangensis Nakai)和青冈〔Cyclobalanopsis glauca(Thunb.)Oerst.〕等,灌木种类包括杞柳(Salix suchowensis Cheng)、木芙蓉(Hibiscus mutabilis L.)、夹竹桃(Neriumoleander L.)和栀子(Gardenia jasminoides Ellis)等。分类评价结果显示,在223个树种中有许多树种都可在4种类型的防护林中通用,这些通用树种包括中山杉、水杉、落羽杉、池杉、墨西哥落羽杉、樟树、杞柳、木芙蓉和栀子等;另外,从生活型角度,针对不同的防护林类型筛选出了一些适宜的树种。研究结果显示,该评价体系在江苏沿江生态防护林建设中具有一定的实用价值。
Using growth adaptability,ecological protection ability,landscape value and economic value as grade Ⅰ indexes,using water-tolerance,pollution-resistance,growth rate,features of canopy,branch-twig and root system,ornamentals of leaf,flower,fruit,trunk and shape,values of wood,medicine,food and industry as grade Ⅱ indexes,and determining the weight value and valuation of every index,the comprehensive evaluation system of tree species in ecological riparian shelter forest along Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province was established by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The ecological riparian shelter forest was divided into four types including water protection and soil-water conservation forest,landscape shelter forest,pollution isolated forest and agro-forestry shelter forest.Using water-tolerance,pollution-resistance,wind-resistance,water-soil conservation ability,landscape value,economic value and growth rate as indexes,and determining the weight value of every index,the classification evaluation system was also established.The 223 tree species were evaluated by the comprehensive evaluation system,and the total score top 20 tree species of deciduous trees,evergreen trees and shrubs which were suitable for construction of the ecological riparian shelter forest along Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province were selected respectively.In which,deciduous trees include Taxodium distichum 'Zhongshansha',T.ascendens Brongn.,T.distichum(L.) Rich.,T.mucronatum Tenore and Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng,etc;evergreen trees include Cinnamomum camphora(L.) Presl,Sequoia sempervirens(Lamb.) Lindl.,C.chekiangensis Nakai and Cyclobalanopsis glauca(Thunb.) Oerst.,etc;shrubs include Salix suchowensis Cheng,Hibiscus mutabilis L.,Nerium oleander L.and Gardenia jasminoides Ellis,etc.The classification evaluation result shows that many tree species in 223 tree species are common in all four types of shelter forest,and the common tree species include T.distichum 'Zhongshansha',M.glyptostroboides,T.distichum,T.ascendens,T.mucronatum,C.camphora,S.suchowensis,H.mutabilis and G.jasminoides,etc.Otherwise,from life-form angle,some suitable tree species are selected to construct different types of shelter forest.It is suggested that this evaluation system has a certain practical value in construction of ecological riparian shelter forest along Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province.
Using growth adaptability,ecological protection ability,landscape value and economic value as grade Ⅰ indexes,using water-tolerance,pollution-resistance,growth rate,features of canopy,branch-twig and root system,ornamentals of leaf,flower,fruit,trunk and shape,values of wood,medicine,food and industry as grade Ⅱ indexes,and determining the weight value and valuation of every index,the comprehensive evaluation system of tree species in ecological riparian shelter forest along Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province was established by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The ecological riparian shelter forest was divided into four types including water protection and soil-water conservation forest,landscape shelter forest,pollution isolated forest and agro-forestry shelter forest.Using water-tolerance,pollution-resistance,wind-resistance,water-soil conservation ability,landscape value,economic value and growth rate as indexes,and determining the weight value of every index,the classification evaluation system was also established.The 223 tree species were evaluated by the comprehensive evaluation system,and the total score top 20 tree species of deciduous trees,evergreen trees and shrubs which were suitable for construction of the ecological riparian shelter forest along Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province were selected respectively.In which,deciduous trees include Taxodium distichum 'Zhongshansha',T.ascendens Brongn.,T.distichum(L.) Rich.,T.mucronatum Tenore and Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng,etc;evergreen trees include Cinnamomum camphora(L.) Presl,Sequoia sempervirens(Lamb.) Lindl.,C.chekiangensis Nakai and Cyclobalanopsis glauca(Thunb.) Oerst.,etc;shrubs include Salix suchowensis Cheng,Hibiscus mutabilis L.,Nerium oleander L.and Gardenia jasminoides Ellis,etc.The classification evaluation result shows that many tree species in 223 tree species are common in all four types of shelter forest,and the common tree species include T.distichum 'Zhongshansha',M.glyptostroboides,T.distichum,T.ascendens,T.mucronatum,C.camphora,S.suchowensis,H.mutabilis and G.jasminoides,etc.Otherwise,from life-form angle,some suitable tree species are selected to construct different types of shelter forest.It is suggested that this evaluation system has a certain practical value in construction of ecological riparian shelter forest along Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province.
引文
[1]江苏省植物研究所.城市绿化与环境保护[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1977.
[2]谭家得,薛克娜,王志云,等.抗污染树种等级划分及其应用[J].中国城市林业,2005,3(6):40-45.
[3]鲁敏,程正渭,李英杰.绿化树种对大气氯、氟污染物的吸滞能力[J].山东建筑工程学院学报,2005,20(3):39-40,79.
[4]蒋高明.树皮pH值的变化及其对大气酸性气体污染的指示作用[J].植物资源与环境,1996,5(2):28-33.
[5]周兴文.沈阳市区大气SO2污染程度的叶绿素含量监测分析[J].植物资源与环境,1997,6(3):63-64.
[6]鲁敏,李成.绿化树种对大气重金属污染物吸收净化能力的研究[J].山东林业科技,2006(3):31-32.
[7]张秀梅,李景平.城市污染环境中适生树种滞尘能力研究[J].环境科学动态,2001(2):27-30.
[8]顾佳清,张智奇,周音,等.树种耐水湿筛选研究综述[J].上海农业学报,2004,20(4):66-69.
[9]彭镇华,康忠铭,於凤安,等.安徽淮河流域耐水湿树种的聚类分析及布局研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,1994,21(2):101-108.
[10]何正安,陈卫东,高志军,等.常见城镇绿化树种耐水淹性状调查研究[J].湖南林业科技,1997,24(2):70-72.
[11]罗祺,张纪林,郝日明,等.水淹胁迫下10个树种某些生理指标的变化及其耐水淹能力的比较[J].植物资源与环境学报,2007,16(2):39-73.
[12]Philipson J J,Coutt’s M P.The tolerance of tree roots towaterloggingⅣ.Oxygen transport in woody roots of sitka spruceand lodgepole pine[J].The New Phytologist,1980,85:489-494.
[13]许树柏.层次分析法原理[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1988.
[14]江苏省建设厅,江苏省中国科学院植物研究所.江苏省城市园林绿化适生植物[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005.
[2]谭家得,薛克娜,王志云,等.抗污染树种等级划分及其应用[J].中国城市林业,2005,3(6):40-45.
[3]鲁敏,程正渭,李英杰.绿化树种对大气氯、氟污染物的吸滞能力[J].山东建筑工程学院学报,2005,20(3):39-40,79.
[4]蒋高明.树皮pH值的变化及其对大气酸性气体污染的指示作用[J].植物资源与环境,1996,5(2):28-33.
[5]周兴文.沈阳市区大气SO2污染程度的叶绿素含量监测分析[J].植物资源与环境,1997,6(3):63-64.
[6]鲁敏,李成.绿化树种对大气重金属污染物吸收净化能力的研究[J].山东林业科技,2006(3):31-32.
[7]张秀梅,李景平.城市污染环境中适生树种滞尘能力研究[J].环境科学动态,2001(2):27-30.
[8]顾佳清,张智奇,周音,等.树种耐水湿筛选研究综述[J].上海农业学报,2004,20(4):66-69.
[9]彭镇华,康忠铭,於凤安,等.安徽淮河流域耐水湿树种的聚类分析及布局研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,1994,21(2):101-108.
[10]何正安,陈卫东,高志军,等.常见城镇绿化树种耐水淹性状调查研究[J].湖南林业科技,1997,24(2):70-72.
[11]罗祺,张纪林,郝日明,等.水淹胁迫下10个树种某些生理指标的变化及其耐水淹能力的比较[J].植物资源与环境学报,2007,16(2):39-73.
[12]Philipson J J,Coutt’s M P.The tolerance of tree roots towaterloggingⅣ.Oxygen transport in woody roots of sitka spruceand lodgepole pine[J].The New Phytologist,1980,85:489-494.
[13]许树柏.层次分析法原理[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1988.
[14]江苏省建设厅,江苏省中国科学院植物研究所.江苏省城市园林绿化适生植物[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005.
目录