江苏省海岛潮间带底栖生物分布特征
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摘要
2007年春、秋2季对江苏北部的东西连岛、车牛山岛、达山岛及平山岛4个海岛设置9条断面进行潮间带底栖生物调查。共发现潮间带生物127种,种类组成以藻类居首位(占35.43%),其次为软体类(占28.35%),甲壳类居第三(占16.54%)。内湾海岛共发现56种,主要种类为软体类;外海海岛92种,主要种类为藻类。优势种主要有白条地藤壶(Chthamalus withersi)、厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)和褶牡蛎(Alectryonel-la plicatula)。该区域潮间带生物平均生物量4150.42g.m-2,以软体类最高(占81.93%)。平均生物密度17642ind.m-2,以甲壳类最高(占76.91%)。不同生境的生物量分布为外海>内湾;不同潮区的生物量分布为低潮区>中潮区>高潮区;季节分布为秋季>春季。
We explored the macrobenthos community in nine intertidal sections around Dongxilian Island,Cheniushan Island,Dashan Island and Pingshan Island in northern Jiangsu in spring and autumn of 2007.127 species were found in this area,35.43% of which are algae while 28.35% are mollusk and 16.14% are crustacean.Fifty-six species were found in the embayed waters,among which the main species are mollusk.Ninety-two species were found in the open sea and algae are the main species.The dominant species are Chthamalus withersi,Mytilus coruscus and Alectryonella plicatula.The average biomass is 4 150.42 g·m-2,with mollusk being the highest (81.89%);the average density is 17 642 ind·m-2 and crustacean is the highest (76.91%).The biomass in the open sea is higher than that in the embayed waters,and the order of tidal biomass from high to low is low tidal area>middle tidal area>high tidal area.The biomass in autumn is higher than that in spring.
We explored the macrobenthos community in nine intertidal sections around Dongxilian Island,Cheniushan Island,Dashan Island and Pingshan Island in northern Jiangsu in spring and autumn of 2007.127 species were found in this area,35.43% of which are algae while 28.35% are mollusk and 16.14% are crustacean.Fifty-six species were found in the embayed waters,among which the main species are mollusk.Ninety-two species were found in the open sea and algae are the main species.The dominant species are Chthamalus withersi,Mytilus coruscus and Alectryonella plicatula.The average biomass is 4 150.42 g·m-2,with mollusk being the highest (81.89%);the average density is 17 642 ind·m-2 and crustacean is the highest (76.91%).The biomass in the open sea is higher than that in the embayed waters,and the order of tidal biomass from high to low is low tidal area>middle tidal area>high tidal area.The biomass in autumn is higher than that in spring.
引文
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[2]邵晓阳,尤仲杰,蔡如星,等.浙江海岛潮间带生态学研究Ⅰ.生物种类组成与分布[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,1996,18(2):112-119.
[3]彭欣,仇建标,吴洪喜,等.台州大陈岛岩礁相潮间带底栖生物调查[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2007,26(1):48-53.
[4]范明生,卢建平,蔡如星,等.宁波海岛潮间带生态学研究Ⅰ.生物种类组成与分布[J].东海海洋,1996,14(4):48-55.
[5]唐贵明,钟瑜,曾晓起,等.青岛岩相潮间带大型底栖动物生物多样性调查研究[J].南方水产,2008,4(5):8-14.
[6]安传龙,赵云龙,林凌,等.崇明岛潮间带夏季大型底栖动物多样性[J].生态学报,2008,28(2):578-585.
[7]国家海洋局.海洋监测规范GB17378-1998[S].北京:海洋出版社,1998.
[8]PINKAS L,OLIPHANTMS,IVERSON L K.Food habits of alba-core,bluefin tuna and bonito in California waters[J].Calif Dep Fish Game Fish Bull,1971,152(2):1-105.
[9]中国科学院生物多样性委员会.生物多样性的原理和方法[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1994:141-165.
[10]李冠国.多样性指数的应用[J].海洋科学,1981(2):4-8.
[11]江苏省海岛资源综合调查领导小组办公室.江苏省海岛资源综合调查报告[R].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1996:150-170.
[12]蔡如星,卑锋.舟山潮间带生态学研究Ⅰ.种类组成及分布[J].东海海洋,1990,8(1):51-58.
[13]郑成兴,李荣冠,江锦样,等.泉州湾岩相潮间带底栖生物生态研究Ⅰ.物种多样性与分布特征[J].生物多样性,2004,12(6):594-610.
[14]李荣冠,江锦祥,鲁琳,等.大亚湾岩相潮间带底栖生物种类组成与分布[J].海洋与湖沼,1993,24(5):527-535.
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