入库支流对贵州阿哈水库水体Fe和Mn的贡献率分析
摘要
游鱼河为贵州省阿哈湖水库典型煤矿酸性废水汇人支流,通过对游鱼河6月和8月分别连续24 h的现场物理化学参数测试和样品实测分析,从水库水质安全方面探讨游鱼河铁、锰的变化特征及对水库水体铁、锰的贡献率。结果显示,游鱼河流域煤矿酸性废水通过投加石灰处理,pH值提高,符合排放要求,HCO_3~-碱度也有所增加,使水体具备一定缓冲性能。而SO_4~(2-)质量浓度高于国家地表水环境质量标准,除6月铁符合标准,锰的超标率达到91.7%,8月铁、锰超标率分别为87.5%和100%。游鱼河入库水体中铁、锰按平均质量浓度分别为0.65 mg/L和0.98 mg/L,每年进入阿哈湖水库中溶解态铁、锰分别为23.57 t和35.54 t,铁、锰来源与外来补水中铁、锰浓度及河流底泥中铁、锰释放有很大关系。
The given article is inclined to introduce our investigation of the contributory rate of iron and manganese ingredients in typical tributaries of the Aha Reservoir, Guizhou, which is badly polluted with acid coal-mine drainage. The present fact is that the Fe and Mn concentrations in the water of Aha Reservoir were found severely exceeding the State-stipulated Surface Water Quality Standard (GB 3838—2002), that is, 0.3 mg/L for Fe and 0.1 mg/L for Mn in 1985 and 1990. As a matter of fact, since 1995, two sewage-treating plants have been built overthere to purify the inlet water of Aha Reservoir by using lime neutralization and aeration oxidation. Though measures were taken to purify the inlet water, the Fe and Mn concentrations in it remain much higher than the needed levels for the fresh water. In this study, we have done all-weather long on-spot continuous testing and analysis of the samples for their physical and chemical parameters measurement, in June and August (2010), respectively, from the point of view of monitoring and securing the reservoir water quality. And, then, further discussion was made to follow the various characteristics and contributory rates of iron and manganese to the water of Youyu River. Our research findings can be shown as follows: the coalmine acid-drainage treated by added lime helps to increase the pH value of the water to meet the emission requirements, and the alkalinity of HC03~ has also been increased. In addition, it was found that according to the State Standard for the Surface Water Environment Quality (GB 3838—2002), manganese content was over the stipulated limit from 91.7% in June and in August, while those of iron and manganese over 87.5% and 100% . The results indicated that there will be more than 23.57 t and 35.54 t of dissolved iron and manganese flowing into Aha Reservoir with the average concentration of iron and manganese being 0.65 mg/L and 0.98 mg/L. It has been proved that the iron and manganese contents are closely related not only with the sediment release of iron and manganese in the reservoir, but also the concentration of water flowing into and sediment released in the river.
The given article is inclined to introduce our investigation of the contributory rate of iron and manganese ingredients in typical tributaries of the Aha Reservoir, Guizhou, which is badly polluted with acid coal-mine drainage. The present fact is that the Fe and Mn concentrations in the water of Aha Reservoir were found severely exceeding the State-stipulated Surface Water Quality Standard (GB 3838—2002), that is, 0.3 mg/L for Fe and 0.1 mg/L for Mn in 1985 and 1990. As a matter of fact, since 1995, two sewage-treating plants have been built overthere to purify the inlet water of Aha Reservoir by using lime neutralization and aeration oxidation. Though measures were taken to purify the inlet water, the Fe and Mn concentrations in it remain much higher than the needed levels for the fresh water. In this study, we have done all-weather long on-spot continuous testing and analysis of the samples for their physical and chemical parameters measurement, in June and August (2010), respectively, from the point of view of monitoring and securing the reservoir water quality. And, then, further discussion was made to follow the various characteristics and contributory rates of iron and manganese to the water of Youyu River. Our research findings can be shown as follows: the coalmine acid-drainage treated by added lime helps to increase the pH value of the water to meet the emission requirements, and the alkalinity of HC03~ has also been increased. In addition, it was found that according to the State Standard for the Surface Water Environment Quality (GB 3838—2002), manganese content was over the stipulated limit from 91.7% in June and in August, while those of iron and manganese over 87.5% and 100% . The results indicated that there will be more than 23.57 t and 35.54 t of dissolved iron and manganese flowing into Aha Reservoir with the average concentration of iron and manganese being 0.65 mg/L and 0.98 mg/L. It has been proved that the iron and manganese contents are closely related not only with the sediment release of iron and manganese in the reservoir, but also the concentration of water flowing into and sediment released in the river.
引文
[1] LIENEMANN C P, TAILLEFERT M, PERRET D, et al. Association of cobalt and manganese in aquatic systems: chemical and microscopic evidence[J] . Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 1997, 61(7) : 1437-1446.
[2] TAILLEFERT M, LIENEMANN C P, GAILLARD J F, et al. Specia-tion, reactivity, and cycling of Fe and Pb in a Meromictic Lake[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , 2000, 64(2) : 169-183.
[3] CHEN Zhenlou(陈振楼),PU Yong(普勇),HUANG Ranggui(黄荣贵),et al.Seasonal release of Fe and Mn at the sediment-water interface in Aha Lake[J].Chinese Science Bulletin(科学通报),1996,41(7) :629-632.
[4] WANG Fusbun(福顺),LIU Congqiang(刘丛强),LIANG Xiaobing (梁小兵),et al.Influence of microbial activity on sediment-water interface and enrichment of trace element remobilization in Aha Lake[J].Chinese Science Bulletin(科学通报),2003,48(19) :2073-2078.
[5] XU Yurong(徐毓荣),XU Zhongji(徐钟际),XIANG Shen(向申),et al.Vertical distribution of Fe and Mn and optimal pumping depth in a seasonal oxygen shortage reservoir [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae(环境科学学报),1999,19(2) :147-152.
[6] ZHU Weihuang(朱维晃),WU Fengchang(吴丰昌).The speciation and distribution of iron and manganese in the Aha Lake,Guiyang City [J].China Environmental Science(中国环境科学),2006,26(B07) :83-86.
[7] WAN Ganjiang(万国江),HU Qile(胡其乐),CAO Long(曹龙),et al. Resource exploitation-environmental disaster-geochemistry: an example from Fe and Mn pollution in Aha Lake, Guizhou Province [ J ] . Earth Science Frontiers(地学前缘),2001,8(2) :353-358.
[8] SONG Liuting, LIU Congqiang, WANG Zhongliang, et al. Iron isotope fractionation during biogeochemical cycle: information from suspended particulate matter ( SPM) in Aha Lake and its tributaries, Guizhou, China[J]. Chemical Geology, 2011, 280(1/2) : 170-179.
[9] WANG Fushun(汪福顺),LIU Congqiang(刘丛强),LIANG Xiaobing (梁小兵),et al.Acid mining drainage impacts on the separation between iron and manganese in sediments of the Aha Lake,Guizhou Province[J].Environmental Science(环境科学),2005,26(1) : 135-140.
[10] PAN Zuguang(潘祖光),HOU Kejun(侯克钧).Research and strategies on the water quality and pollution situation in the Aha Lake [J].Journal of Guizhou University of Technology:Natural Science Edition(贵州工业大学学报:自然科学版),2007,36(4) :60-63.
[11] ZHANG Qiuyan(张秋燕).Numerical simulation study on contaminants transport and diffusion law in river(河流中污染物输移扩散规律的模拟研究)[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2007.
[12] HRDIN R S, NAIRN R W, KLEINMANN R L P. Passive treatment of acid mine drainage [M]. Washington D C: U.S. Bureau of Mines IC 9389, 1994: 35.
[13] XIAO Liping(肖利萍),LIU Wenying(刘文颖),LIANG Bing(梁冰).Experimental study on iron and manganese oxidation in acidic mine drainage[J]. Journal of Huazhong Normal University: Natural Sciences(华中师范大学学报:自然科学版),2008,42(3) :419-421.
[14] KALIN M, FYSON A, WHEELER W N. The chemistry of conventional and alternative treatment systems for the neutralization of acid mine drainage[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2006, 366(2/3) : 395-408.
[15] XU Zhongji(徐钟际),XU Yurong(徐毓荣),XU Wei(徐玮),et al. The technology of treatment Fe and Mn in Mine Wastewater [ J ]. Journal of Guizhou Enviromental Protection Science and Technology(贵州环保科技),1999,5(1) :5-9.
[16] WANG Kaixiong(王凯雄).Water chemistry(水化学)[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2001:270-271.
[17] HEM J D. Reactions of metal ions at surfaces of hydrous iron oxide [J]. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 1977, 41(4) : 527-538.
[18] WU Pan, TANG Changyuan, LIU Congqiang, et al. Geochemical distribution and removal of As, Fe, Mn and Al in a surface water system affected by acid mine drainage at a coalfield in Southwestern China[J] . Environmental Geology, 2009, 7(57) : 1457-1467.
[19] MCDONALD D, WEBB J A. Prediction of sludge composition and water quality from lime neutralization of acid rock drainage (ARD) [ C ] // BELL L C, MCLEAN R W. Proceedings of the Fifth Australian Workshop on Acid Drainage , Fremantle , Western Australia. Brisbane: Australian Centre for Minerals Extension and Research, 2006: 245.
[2] TAILLEFERT M, LIENEMANN C P, GAILLARD J F, et al. Specia-tion, reactivity, and cycling of Fe and Pb in a Meromictic Lake[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , 2000, 64(2) : 169-183.
[3] CHEN Zhenlou(陈振楼),PU Yong(普勇),HUANG Ranggui(黄荣贵),et al.Seasonal release of Fe and Mn at the sediment-water interface in Aha Lake[J].Chinese Science Bulletin(科学通报),1996,41(7) :629-632.
[4] WANG Fusbun(福顺),LIU Congqiang(刘丛强),LIANG Xiaobing (梁小兵),et al.Influence of microbial activity on sediment-water interface and enrichment of trace element remobilization in Aha Lake[J].Chinese Science Bulletin(科学通报),2003,48(19) :2073-2078.
[5] XU Yurong(徐毓荣),XU Zhongji(徐钟际),XIANG Shen(向申),et al.Vertical distribution of Fe and Mn and optimal pumping depth in a seasonal oxygen shortage reservoir [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae(环境科学学报),1999,19(2) :147-152.
[6] ZHU Weihuang(朱维晃),WU Fengchang(吴丰昌).The speciation and distribution of iron and manganese in the Aha Lake,Guiyang City [J].China Environmental Science(中国环境科学),2006,26(B07) :83-86.
[7] WAN Ganjiang(万国江),HU Qile(胡其乐),CAO Long(曹龙),et al. Resource exploitation-environmental disaster-geochemistry: an example from Fe and Mn pollution in Aha Lake, Guizhou Province [ J ] . Earth Science Frontiers(地学前缘),2001,8(2) :353-358.
[8] SONG Liuting, LIU Congqiang, WANG Zhongliang, et al. Iron isotope fractionation during biogeochemical cycle: information from suspended particulate matter ( SPM) in Aha Lake and its tributaries, Guizhou, China[J]. Chemical Geology, 2011, 280(1/2) : 170-179.
[9] WANG Fushun(汪福顺),LIU Congqiang(刘丛强),LIANG Xiaobing (梁小兵),et al.Acid mining drainage impacts on the separation between iron and manganese in sediments of the Aha Lake,Guizhou Province[J].Environmental Science(环境科学),2005,26(1) : 135-140.
[10] PAN Zuguang(潘祖光),HOU Kejun(侯克钧).Research and strategies on the water quality and pollution situation in the Aha Lake [J].Journal of Guizhou University of Technology:Natural Science Edition(贵州工业大学学报:自然科学版),2007,36(4) :60-63.
[11] ZHANG Qiuyan(张秋燕).Numerical simulation study on contaminants transport and diffusion law in river(河流中污染物输移扩散规律的模拟研究)[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2007.
[12] HRDIN R S, NAIRN R W, KLEINMANN R L P. Passive treatment of acid mine drainage [M]. Washington D C: U.S. Bureau of Mines IC 9389, 1994: 35.
[13] XIAO Liping(肖利萍),LIU Wenying(刘文颖),LIANG Bing(梁冰).Experimental study on iron and manganese oxidation in acidic mine drainage[J]. Journal of Huazhong Normal University: Natural Sciences(华中师范大学学报:自然科学版),2008,42(3) :419-421.
[14] KALIN M, FYSON A, WHEELER W N. The chemistry of conventional and alternative treatment systems for the neutralization of acid mine drainage[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2006, 366(2/3) : 395-408.
[15] XU Zhongji(徐钟际),XU Yurong(徐毓荣),XU Wei(徐玮),et al. The technology of treatment Fe and Mn in Mine Wastewater [ J ]. Journal of Guizhou Enviromental Protection Science and Technology(贵州环保科技),1999,5(1) :5-9.
[16] WANG Kaixiong(王凯雄).Water chemistry(水化学)[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2001:270-271.
[17] HEM J D. Reactions of metal ions at surfaces of hydrous iron oxide [J]. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 1977, 41(4) : 527-538.
[18] WU Pan, TANG Changyuan, LIU Congqiang, et al. Geochemical distribution and removal of As, Fe, Mn and Al in a surface water system affected by acid mine drainage at a coalfield in Southwestern China[J] . Environmental Geology, 2009, 7(57) : 1457-1467.
[19] MCDONALD D, WEBB J A. Prediction of sludge composition and water quality from lime neutralization of acid rock drainage (ARD) [ C ] // BELL L C, MCLEAN R W. Proceedings of the Fifth Australian Workshop on Acid Drainage , Fremantle , Western Australia. Brisbane: Australian Centre for Minerals Extension and Research, 2006: 245.
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