基于现象学视角的城市规划设计概念生成框架研究——以上海市金山区城市生活岸线规划设计方案为例
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摘要
探索如何塑造具有创新性的规划设计作品,将地方性、历史、文化与环境联系起来。现基于现象学的基本理论,提出一种创新导向的城市规划设计概念生成框架,概念生成框架的主要步骤为:缺席意向→充实意向→意向中止→范畴意向→意向解析,并以上海金山区城市生活岸线规划设计方案课程教学为例,阐释此概念生成框架如何具体展开运用。研究结果表明通过在场感知,对事物进行本质直观,运用现象学的存在论式和笛卡尔式两种还原,以及典型性显象、经验共相和"本质共相"三个层次的意向推理演进,能够有助于规划设计师到达所知觉对象的"无蔽状态",在多样性显象之中把握规划设计对象的特质,进而推导具有创新性的规划设计概念。
This paper explores how to create an innovative planning and design project by integrating the relations among the locality,history,culture and the built environment.Based on phenomenological theories,the paper proposes a framework that helps the generation of urban planning and design concept.The framework includes the following steps:from the absent intentionality to the present intentionality to the suspending intentionality to the categorical intentionality to interpreting intentionality.The paper uses the case of the planning and design of Jinshan Living Seashore in Shanghai to explain the application of the framework.The result of the research illustrates that designers can intuit the essence of an object through perceiving the planning site.Relying on the intentional evolution by ontological and Cartesian reductions and reasoning advancement at three levels of typical appearances,experience universal and eidetic universal,designers could reach the truth of the object,discover the identity from the diverse appearances of the object and develop an innovation design concept.
This paper explores how to create an innovative planning and design project by integrating the relations among the locality,history,culture and the built environment.Based on phenomenological theories,the paper proposes a framework that helps the generation of urban planning and design concept.The framework includes the following steps:from the absent intentionality to the present intentionality to the suspending intentionality to the categorical intentionality to interpreting intentionality.The paper uses the case of the planning and design of Jinshan Living Seashore in Shanghai to explain the application of the framework.The result of the research illustrates that designers can intuit the essence of an object through perceiving the planning site.Relying on the intentional evolution by ontological and Cartesian reductions and reasoning advancement at three levels of typical appearances,experience universal and eidetic universal,designers could reach the truth of the object,discover the identity from the diverse appearances of the object and develop an innovation design concept.
引文
[1]DOVEY K D.Putting geometry in its place:toward a phenomenology of the design process[M]//SEAMON D.Dwelling,seeing and design:toward a phenomenological ecology.Albany:State University of New York Press,1993.
[2]HOLL S J.Anchoring[M].New York:Princeton Architectural Press,1989.
[3]HOLL S,PALLASMAA J,PEREZ-GORMEZ A.Question of perception——phenomenology of architecture[J].Architecture and Urbanismf Special Issue),1994(7):1-27.
[4]SCHULZ N C.Genius loci:toward a phenomenology of architecture[M].New York:Rizzoli,1980.
[5]胡塞尔.纯粹现象学通论[M].李幼蒸,译.北京:商务印书馆,1992.(HUSSEL E.The pure phenomenological philosophy[M].LI Youzheng,translate.Beijing:Commercial Press,1992.)
[6]马丁·海德格尔.存在与时间[M].陈嘉映,王庆节,译.北京:三联书店,1987.(HEIDEGGER M.Being and time[M].CHEN Jiaying,WANG Qingjie,translate.Beijing:Sanlian Bookstore,1987.)
[7]马丁·海德格尔.艺术作品的本源[M].孙周兴,译.上海:上海译文出版社,1997.(HEIDEGGER M.The origin of the work of art[M].SUN Zhouxing,translate.Shanghai:Shanghai Translation Publishing House,1997.)
[8]马丁·海德格尔.人,诗意地安居[M].郜元宝,译.桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2000.(HEIDEGGER M.Human,the poetic dwelling[M].GAO Yuanbao,translate.Guilin:Guangxi Normal University Press,2000.)
[9]罗伯特·索科拉夫斯基.现象学导论[M].高秉江,张建华,译.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2009.(SOKOLOWSKI R.Introduction to phenomenology[M].GAO Bingjiang,ZHANG Jianhua,translate.Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2009.)
[10]缪朴.现象学与建筑理论:为建筑师写的入门[M]//彭怒,支文军,戴春.现象学与建筑的对话.上海:同济大学出版社,2009.(MIAO Pu.Phenomenology and architectural theory:an introduction for architects[M]//PENG Nu,ZHI Wenjun,DAI Chun.Dialogue between phenomenology and architecture.Shanghai:Tongji University Press,2009.)
[11]莫里斯·梅洛-庞蒂.知觉现象学[M].姜志辉,译.北京:商务印书馆,2001.(MERLEAU-PONTY M.Phenomenology of perception[M].JIANG Zhihui,translate.Beijing:Commercial Press,2001.)
[12]沈克宁.当代建筑设计理论——有关意义的探索[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2009.(SHEN Kening.Contemporary architectural design theory——exploration for significance[M].Beijing:China Water and Power Press,2009.)
[13]童明.建筑学的构造及其问题:来自现象学透析中的解读[M]//彭怒,支文军,戴春.现象学与建筑的对话.上海:同济大学出版社,2009.(TONG Ming.Architectural structure and its questions:interpretation from perspective of phenomenological analysis[M]//PENG Nu,ZHI Wenjun,DAI Chun.Dialogue between phenomenology and architecture.Shanghai:Tongji University Press,2009.)
①转引自李大厦编著的《路易·康》,北京:中国建工出版社,1993年。
②转引自“让·努维尔:用建筑征服世界”,《建筑技艺》杂志微信平台,2015年1月16日。
[2]HOLL S J.Anchoring[M].New York:Princeton Architectural Press,1989.
[3]HOLL S,PALLASMAA J,PEREZ-GORMEZ A.Question of perception——phenomenology of architecture[J].Architecture and Urbanismf Special Issue),1994(7):1-27.
[4]SCHULZ N C.Genius loci:toward a phenomenology of architecture[M].New York:Rizzoli,1980.
[5]胡塞尔.纯粹现象学通论[M].李幼蒸,译.北京:商务印书馆,1992.(HUSSEL E.The pure phenomenological philosophy[M].LI Youzheng,translate.Beijing:Commercial Press,1992.)
[6]马丁·海德格尔.存在与时间[M].陈嘉映,王庆节,译.北京:三联书店,1987.(HEIDEGGER M.Being and time[M].CHEN Jiaying,WANG Qingjie,translate.Beijing:Sanlian Bookstore,1987.)
[7]马丁·海德格尔.艺术作品的本源[M].孙周兴,译.上海:上海译文出版社,1997.(HEIDEGGER M.The origin of the work of art[M].SUN Zhouxing,translate.Shanghai:Shanghai Translation Publishing House,1997.)
[8]马丁·海德格尔.人,诗意地安居[M].郜元宝,译.桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2000.(HEIDEGGER M.Human,the poetic dwelling[M].GAO Yuanbao,translate.Guilin:Guangxi Normal University Press,2000.)
[9]罗伯特·索科拉夫斯基.现象学导论[M].高秉江,张建华,译.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2009.(SOKOLOWSKI R.Introduction to phenomenology[M].GAO Bingjiang,ZHANG Jianhua,translate.Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2009.)
[10]缪朴.现象学与建筑理论:为建筑师写的入门[M]//彭怒,支文军,戴春.现象学与建筑的对话.上海:同济大学出版社,2009.(MIAO Pu.Phenomenology and architectural theory:an introduction for architects[M]//PENG Nu,ZHI Wenjun,DAI Chun.Dialogue between phenomenology and architecture.Shanghai:Tongji University Press,2009.)
[11]莫里斯·梅洛-庞蒂.知觉现象学[M].姜志辉,译.北京:商务印书馆,2001.(MERLEAU-PONTY M.Phenomenology of perception[M].JIANG Zhihui,translate.Beijing:Commercial Press,2001.)
[12]沈克宁.当代建筑设计理论——有关意义的探索[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2009.(SHEN Kening.Contemporary architectural design theory——exploration for significance[M].Beijing:China Water and Power Press,2009.)
[13]童明.建筑学的构造及其问题:来自现象学透析中的解读[M]//彭怒,支文军,戴春.现象学与建筑的对话.上海:同济大学出版社,2009.(TONG Ming.Architectural structure and its questions:interpretation from perspective of phenomenological analysis[M]//PENG Nu,ZHI Wenjun,DAI Chun.Dialogue between phenomenology and architecture.Shanghai:Tongji University Press,2009.)
①转引自李大厦编著的《路易·康》,北京:中国建工出版社,1993年。
②转引自“让·努维尔:用建筑征服世界”,《建筑技艺》杂志微信平台,2015年1月16日。
目录