湖南岳阳地区杨树人工林生态系统净碳交换季节动态研究
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摘要
利用涡度相关法对长江流域杨树人工林CO2通量季节变化进行了研究。结果表明:CO2通量的日变化特征与杨树所处生长阶段以及光合有效辐射(PAR)有关,夜间生态系统净碳交换(NEE)与5 cm土壤温度呈指数相关,全年的生态系统净碳交换(NEE)数值波动在-2~2 mg.m-2.s-1之间。生长季NEE的变化特点为:早上7点开始生态系统整体表现为吸收CO2,到午时(11:00—13:00)NEE的值较为稳定,日落(18:30—19:00)开始生态系统呼吸作用占主导,而晚上NEE的值变化不大。CO2的最大吸收出现在早上10点左右。NEE同时表现为较为明显的季节变化,在生长季节(4-9月)NEE多为负值,生态系统整体表现为对CO2的吸收,而在非生长季表现为一定强度的碳释放,值得注意的是在2006年的6月碳固定能力弱于生长季的其他月份,原因是长期降雨导致土壤呼吸加剧和水淹的生理胁迫导致杨树呼吸作用加剧。2006年全年NEE为-579 g.m-2,说明该生态系统具有明显的碳汇功能。
The dynamics in different time-scale of Net Ecosystem Exchange(NEE) in poplar forest of the Yangtze River were studied by using an eddy covariance method.The following results were obtained: Daily CO2 flux was closely related to growing stages and photosynthetic active radiation(PAR),and night CO2 flux showed an exponential regression relationship with 5 cm depth soil temperature.The CO2 flux between forest and atmosphere ranged from-2 mg·m-2·s-1 to 2 mg·m-2·s-1.As for the daily change of NEE in the growing season,it begin to absorb carbon dioxide and increase after 7:00 AM,and keep stable from 11:00AM to 1:00 PM resulting from PAR then decrease and after 6:30PM change to discharge carbon dioxide to the atmosphere,lastly change gradually at night.The maximum uptake occurredat about 10 o'clock of local time in clear day.The NEE also had obviously seasonal variation that was mainly controlled by temperature.Remarkable uptake occurred in blooming growing season and weak respiration occurred in dormant season.Assimilation and respiration were nearly balanced during the transition of growing and dormant seasons.Poplar forests are one of carbon sinks.The annual carbon uptake of the ecosystem was-579 g·m-2 in 2006.It is in 2006 when the serious water logging happened that plantation still absorbed carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in the whole year,which shows that the poplar forest plays an important role in improving the carbon sink of terrestrial ecosystem.
The dynamics in different time-scale of Net Ecosystem Exchange(NEE) in poplar forest of the Yangtze River were studied by using an eddy covariance method.The following results were obtained: Daily CO2 flux was closely related to growing stages and photosynthetic active radiation(PAR),and night CO2 flux showed an exponential regression relationship with 5 cm depth soil temperature.The CO2 flux between forest and atmosphere ranged from-2 mg·m-2·s-1 to 2 mg·m-2·s-1.As for the daily change of NEE in the growing season,it begin to absorb carbon dioxide and increase after 7:00 AM,and keep stable from 11:00AM to 1:00 PM resulting from PAR then decrease and after 6:30PM change to discharge carbon dioxide to the atmosphere,lastly change gradually at night.The maximum uptake occurredat about 10 o'clock of local time in clear day.The NEE also had obviously seasonal variation that was mainly controlled by temperature.Remarkable uptake occurred in blooming growing season and weak respiration occurred in dormant season.Assimilation and respiration were nearly balanced during the transition of growing and dormant seasons.Poplar forests are one of carbon sinks.The annual carbon uptake of the ecosystem was-579 g·m-2 in 2006.It is in 2006 when the serious water logging happened that plantation still absorbed carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in the whole year,which shows that the poplar forest plays an important role in improving the carbon sink of terrestrial ecosystem.
引文
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[5]苏东凯,周永斌,唐庆华,等.不同杨树品种光合生理生态特性的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(2):39-41
[6]付士磊,周永斌,何兴元,等.干旱胁迫对杨树光合生理指标的影响[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(11):2016-2019
[7]张鼎华,翟明普,林平,等.杨树刺槐混交林枯落物分解速率的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2004,12(3):24-26
[8]胡延杰,翟明普,武觐文,等.杨树刺槐混交林及纯林根际微生物数量及其生化强度的季节性动态研究[J].土壤通报,2002,33(3):219-222
[9]樊奔,包树敏,蒋永丰,等.连栽杨树林对土壤微生物的影响[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(5):81-83
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[11]朱强根,张焕朝,单奇华,等.苏北不同杨树人工林经营模式下土壤呼吸日变化观测与测定方法比较[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(30):9518-9521
[12]Falge E,Tenhunen J,Baldocchi D,et al.Phase and amplitude of e-cosystem carbon release and uptake potentials as derived fromFLUXNETmeasurements[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2002,13(1-4):75-95
[13]Gilmanov T G,Soussana J E,Aires L,et al.Partitioning Europeangrassland net ecosystemCO2exchange into gross primary productivi-ty and ecosystem respiration using light response function analysis[J].Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2007,121(1-2):93-120
[14]Fu Y L,Yu G R,Wang Y F,et al.Effect of water stress on ecosys-tem photosynthesis and respiration of a Leymus chinensis steppe inInner Mongolia[J].Science in China Series D-Earth Sciences,2006(49):196-206
[15]Grace J S,Jose J,Meir P,et al.Productivity and carbon fluxes oftropical savannas[J].Journal of Biogeography,2006(33):387-400
[16]Law B E,Falge E,Gu L,et al.Environmental controls over carbondioxide and water vapor exchange of terrestrial vegetation[J].Agri-cultural and Forest Meteorology,2002,113(1-4):97-120
[17]Baldocchi D D,Finnigan J,Wilson K,et al.On measuring net eco-system carbon exchange over tall vegetation on complex terrain[J].Boundary Layer Meteorology,2000(96):257-291
[18]孙晓敏,温学发,于贵瑞,等.中亚热带季节性干旱对千烟洲人工林生态系统碳吸收的影响[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2006,36(增刊Ⅰ):103-110
[19]刘允芬,温学发,王迎红,等.千烟洲中亚热带人工林生态系统CO2通量的季节变异特征[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2006,36(增刊Ⅰ):91-102
[20]吴家兵,关德新,孙晓敏,等.长白山阔叶红松林CO2交换的涡动通量修订[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):95-102
[21]王秋凤,牛栋,于贵瑞,等.长白山森林生态系统CO2和水热通量的模拟研究[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):131-140
[22]周存宇,周国逸,张德强,等.鼎湖山森林地表CO2通量及其影响因子的研究[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):175-182
[23]张军辉,韩士杰,孙晓敏,等.冬季强风条件下森林冠层/大气界面开路涡动相关CO2净交换通量的UU修正[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):77-83
[24]朱治林,孙晓敏,袁国富,等.非平坦下垫面涡度相关通量的校正方法及其在ChinaFLUX中的应用[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):37-45
[25]温学发,于贵瑞,孙晓敏,等.复杂地形条件下森林植被湍流通量测定分析[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):57-66
[26]任传友,于贵瑞,王秋凤,等.冠层尺度的生态系统光合-蒸腾耦合模型研究[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):141-151
[27]宋霞,于贵瑞,刘允芬,等.开路与闭路涡度相关系统通量观测比较研究[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):67-76
[28]曹明奎,于贵瑞,刘纪远,等.陆地生态系统碳循环的多尺度试验观测和跨尺度机理模拟[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):1-14
[29]关德新,吴家兵,于贵瑞,等.气象条件对长白山阔叶红松林CO2通量的影响[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):103-108
[30]孙晓敏,朱治林,许金萍,等.涡度相关测定中平均周期参数的确定及其影响分析[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):30-36
[31]沙丽清,郑征,唐建维,等.西双版纳热带季节雨林的土壤呼吸研究[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):167-174
[32]于贵瑞,张雷明,孙晓敏,等.亚洲区域陆地生态系统碳通量观测研究进展[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):15-29
[33]李正泉,于贵瑞,温学发,等.中国通量观测网络(ChinaFLUX)能量平衡闭合状况的评价[J].中国科学D辑.地球科学,2004,34(增刊Ⅱ):46-56
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