产业融合视角下城市工业集聚区的空间转型机制——基于上海市的三个案例分析
|
摘要
随着城市产业转型升级,工业集聚区面临着空间转型的强烈诉求。产业融合给城市产业转型升级带来了新的动力,逐渐成为提升城市产业竞争力的重要因素。生产性服务业与制造业的融合是产业融合的重要内容,两者的融合发展对城市工业集聚区的产业和空间转型起着重要作用。现从产业融合视角对城市工业集聚区的空间转型机制进行研究,对应于生产性服务业与制造业的三种融合形式,分别选取了上海市的三个案例来具体分析工业集聚区的空间转型过程。由此认为影响城市工业集聚区内部生产性服务业与制造业的融合而带来相应空间转型的因素主要有:技术创新、功能提升、区位作用和政府政策。进而认为空间转型的内在机制是生产性服务业与制造业的融合对工业集聚区的直接作用过程,置换融合、渗透融合、延伸融合三种形式会带来工业集聚区不同的空间转型过程。上述所得结论对政府的政策应对有重要的启示作用。
As urban industries transform and upgrade,industrial areas are confronted with restructuring challenges.Industrial convergence has brought new impetus to urban industrial areas and has gradually become an important contributor to local competitiveness.The convergence between producer services and manufacturing is an important part of industrial convergence,and it has spatial implications for urban industrial agglomerations.This paper focuses on spatial transformation mechanism of urban industrial areas triggered by industrial convergence.This paper chooses three cases in Shanghai corresponding to three types of convergence between producer services and manufacturing.The paper points out four factors of change:technological innovation,functional promotion,location and governmental policy.Furthermore,the paper argues that industrial convergence can directly act on industrial agglomerations and different forms of convergence bring aboutthe different processes of the spatial transformation.The above conclusions have important implications for policy making.
As urban industries transform and upgrade,industrial areas are confronted with restructuring challenges.Industrial convergence has brought new impetus to urban industrial areas and has gradually become an important contributor to local competitiveness.The convergence between producer services and manufacturing is an important part of industrial convergence,and it has spatial implications for urban industrial agglomerations.This paper focuses on spatial transformation mechanism of urban industrial areas triggered by industrial convergence.This paper chooses three cases in Shanghai corresponding to three types of convergence between producer services and manufacturing.The paper points out four factors of change:technological innovation,functional promotion,location and governmental policy.Furthermore,the paper argues that industrial convergence can directly act on industrial agglomerations and different forms of convergence bring aboutthe different processes of the spatial transformation.The above conclusions have important implications for policy making.
引文
[1]COUCH C,KARECHA J.ControUing urban sprawl:some experience from Livepool[J].Cities,2006,23(5):353-363.
[2]DONNISON D V,MIDDLETON A.Regenerating the inner city:Glasgow's experience[M].London:Routledge&Kegan Paul,1987.
[3]KNUT KOSCHATZKY.30 years structural change:experience from Ruhr Area[C].Leipzig:The 8th conference of the network of spatial research institution in center and Eastern Europe,2005:24-25.
[4]LATHAM I,SWENARTON M.Brindleplace:a model for urban regeneration[M].London:Right Angle Publishing Ltd,1999.
[5]邓丽姝.开发区发展服务业的战略思考——以北京经济技术开发区和天津经济技术开发区为例[J].特区经济,2007(6):51-53.(DENG Lishu.Strategy thinking of development zone's developing service industry——take Beijing economy&technology development zone and Tanjin economy&technology development zone as example[J].Special Zone Economy,2007(6):51-53.)
[6]董锡健.到工业园区创办“配套服务中心”[J].沪港经济,2005(12):52.(DONG Xijian.To the industrial park founded"matching service center"[J].Shanghai&Hongkong Economy,2005(12):52.)
[7]胡汉辉,邢华.产业融合理论以及对我国发展信息产业的启示[J].中国工业经济,2003(2):23-29.(HU Hanhui,XING Hua.Theory of industry merge and implication on development of information industry of China[J].China Industrial Economy,2003(2):23-29.)
[8]胡永佳.产业融合的经济学分析[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2008.(HU Yongjia.An economic analysis of industry convergence[M].Beijing:Economic Press China,2008.)
[9]黄春燕.工业园区向生产性服务业功能区转型中商业配套服务的发展研究——以A工业园区为例[D].华东师范大学硕士学位论文,2012.(HUANG Chunyan.Industrial park of producer services to function transformation in the development of the supporting business services——with the example of a industrial park[D].The Dissertation for Master Degree of East China Normal University,2012.)
[10]李冬生,陈秉钊.上海市杨浦老工业区工业用地更新对策——从“工业杨浦”到“知识杨浦”[J].城市规划学刊,2005(1):44-50.(LI Dongsheng,CHEN Ningzhao.The strategy of the re-use of the old industry land in the Yangpu old industry area——from Industry Yangpu to Knowledge Yangpu[J].Urban Planning Forum,2005(1):44-50.)
[11]李静.整合上海中心城区闲置划拔工业用地推动生产性服务业功能区发展规划策略探讨——以上海市漕河泾开发区东区升级改造规划为例[J].上海城市规划,2012(2):1-7.(LI Jing.The study on industry restructures planning strategies of old industrial areas in Shanghai during the transition period——a case study of the industrial restructuring planning of East Caohejing Development Area in Shanghai[J].Shanghai Urban Planning Review,2012(2):1-7.)
[12]罗翔.上海张江高科技园区规划实施效果评估研究[J].规划师,2012(11):112-116.(LUO Xiang.Shanghai Zhangjiang High-tech Park planning implementation assessment study[J].Planners,2012(11):112-116.)
[13]吕恩培.提升开发区服务功能——加快发展现代服务业[J].特区经济,2006(1):269-272.(LU Enpei.Improving development area's service function——fasten develop modem service industry[J].Special Zone Economy,2006(1):269-272.)
[14]马健.产业融合论[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2006.(MA Jian.Industrial convergence theory[M].Nanjing:Nanjing University Press,2006.)
[15]聂子龙,李浩.产业融合中的企业战略思考[J].软科学,2003(2):80-83.(NIE Zilong,LI Hao.On the corporate strategy on the industrial convergence[J].Soft Science,2003(2):80-83.)
[16]王美飞.上海市中心城旧工业地区演变与转型研究[D].华东师范大学硕士学位论文,2010.(WANG Meifei.Research on the development and transformation of the old industrial districts in the inner city of Shanghai[D].The Dissertation for Master Degree of East China Normal University,2010.)
[17]王思齐,黄砂.产城融合视角下张江高科技园区发展变迁与展望[J].城市规划学刊,2013(Z2):84-89.(WANG Siqi,HUANG Sha.Development and prospect of Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park from the perspective of Industry-City integration[J].Urban Planning Forum,2013(Z2):84-89.)
[18]张建刚,王新华,段治平.产业融合理论研究述评[J].山东科技大学学报,2010(1):73-78.(ZHANG Jiangang,WANG Xinhua,DUAN Zhiping.A brief review of the research on industrial convergence theory[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology,2010(1):73-78.)
[19]周陶洪.旧工业区城市更新策略研究——以北京市为例[D].清华大学硕士学位论文.2005.(ZHOU Taohong.A study of urban planning policy for the urban regeneration in the old industrial district——Beijing as the model[D].The Dissertation for Master Degree of Tsinghua University,2005.)
[20]邹玉.生产性服务业功能区的动力机制解析与规划反思[C].昆明:中国城市规划年会,2012.(ZOU Yu.Dynamic mechanism analysis and planning reflection of the producer service function area[C].Kunming:China's Annual National Planning Conference,2012.)
①本文选取的市北工业园区(1.26km~2)是现市北高新技术服务业园区的一部分。市北高新技术服务业园区总用地为3.13km~2。以共和新路高架为界分东西两部分园区,共和新路以西即原“上海市北工业区”,共和新路以东即原“北上海现代物流园区”。
②上海在2008年《关于推进本市生产性服务业功能区建设的指导意见》中提出,“生产性服务业功能区是指依托现有工业基础,充分利用现有开发区和产业用地,以生产性服务业为发展重点,服务生产经营主体,突出产业转型、产业升级以及产业链延伸,建设形成空间布局合理、产业特色明晰、配套功能完善的功能区域”。上海在2009年首批认定了重点19个生产性服务业功能区,本文涉及到的三个生产性服务业功能区都在其中。
③本文选取张江高科技园区开发建设较为成熟的北区部分。1992年7月,国家级高新区——上海市张江高科技园区开园,面积约25km~2。1999年,上海市委、市府实施“聚焦张江”战略。2006年,正式更名为上海张江高新技术产业开发区,张江高科技园区成为核心园。2011年11月,上海市政府批准在原有基础上扩大范围,张江园区总面积扩大为75.9km~2,包括张江高科技园区北区和中区、张江南区、康桥工业区、上海国际医学园区、合庆工业园区、张江光电子产业园和银行卡产业园。
[2]DONNISON D V,MIDDLETON A.Regenerating the inner city:Glasgow's experience[M].London:Routledge&Kegan Paul,1987.
[3]KNUT KOSCHATZKY.30 years structural change:experience from Ruhr Area[C].Leipzig:The 8th conference of the network of spatial research institution in center and Eastern Europe,2005:24-25.
[4]LATHAM I,SWENARTON M.Brindleplace:a model for urban regeneration[M].London:Right Angle Publishing Ltd,1999.
[5]邓丽姝.开发区发展服务业的战略思考——以北京经济技术开发区和天津经济技术开发区为例[J].特区经济,2007(6):51-53.(DENG Lishu.Strategy thinking of development zone's developing service industry——take Beijing economy&technology development zone and Tanjin economy&technology development zone as example[J].Special Zone Economy,2007(6):51-53.)
[6]董锡健.到工业园区创办“配套服务中心”[J].沪港经济,2005(12):52.(DONG Xijian.To the industrial park founded"matching service center"[J].Shanghai&Hongkong Economy,2005(12):52.)
[7]胡汉辉,邢华.产业融合理论以及对我国发展信息产业的启示[J].中国工业经济,2003(2):23-29.(HU Hanhui,XING Hua.Theory of industry merge and implication on development of information industry of China[J].China Industrial Economy,2003(2):23-29.)
[8]胡永佳.产业融合的经济学分析[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2008.(HU Yongjia.An economic analysis of industry convergence[M].Beijing:Economic Press China,2008.)
[9]黄春燕.工业园区向生产性服务业功能区转型中商业配套服务的发展研究——以A工业园区为例[D].华东师范大学硕士学位论文,2012.(HUANG Chunyan.Industrial park of producer services to function transformation in the development of the supporting business services——with the example of a industrial park[D].The Dissertation for Master Degree of East China Normal University,2012.)
[10]李冬生,陈秉钊.上海市杨浦老工业区工业用地更新对策——从“工业杨浦”到“知识杨浦”[J].城市规划学刊,2005(1):44-50.(LI Dongsheng,CHEN Ningzhao.The strategy of the re-use of the old industry land in the Yangpu old industry area——from Industry Yangpu to Knowledge Yangpu[J].Urban Planning Forum,2005(1):44-50.)
[11]李静.整合上海中心城区闲置划拔工业用地推动生产性服务业功能区发展规划策略探讨——以上海市漕河泾开发区东区升级改造规划为例[J].上海城市规划,2012(2):1-7.(LI Jing.The study on industry restructures planning strategies of old industrial areas in Shanghai during the transition period——a case study of the industrial restructuring planning of East Caohejing Development Area in Shanghai[J].Shanghai Urban Planning Review,2012(2):1-7.)
[12]罗翔.上海张江高科技园区规划实施效果评估研究[J].规划师,2012(11):112-116.(LUO Xiang.Shanghai Zhangjiang High-tech Park planning implementation assessment study[J].Planners,2012(11):112-116.)
[13]吕恩培.提升开发区服务功能——加快发展现代服务业[J].特区经济,2006(1):269-272.(LU Enpei.Improving development area's service function——fasten develop modem service industry[J].Special Zone Economy,2006(1):269-272.)
[14]马健.产业融合论[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2006.(MA Jian.Industrial convergence theory[M].Nanjing:Nanjing University Press,2006.)
[15]聂子龙,李浩.产业融合中的企业战略思考[J].软科学,2003(2):80-83.(NIE Zilong,LI Hao.On the corporate strategy on the industrial convergence[J].Soft Science,2003(2):80-83.)
[16]王美飞.上海市中心城旧工业地区演变与转型研究[D].华东师范大学硕士学位论文,2010.(WANG Meifei.Research on the development and transformation of the old industrial districts in the inner city of Shanghai[D].The Dissertation for Master Degree of East China Normal University,2010.)
[17]王思齐,黄砂.产城融合视角下张江高科技园区发展变迁与展望[J].城市规划学刊,2013(Z2):84-89.(WANG Siqi,HUANG Sha.Development and prospect of Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park from the perspective of Industry-City integration[J].Urban Planning Forum,2013(Z2):84-89.)
[18]张建刚,王新华,段治平.产业融合理论研究述评[J].山东科技大学学报,2010(1):73-78.(ZHANG Jiangang,WANG Xinhua,DUAN Zhiping.A brief review of the research on industrial convergence theory[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology,2010(1):73-78.)
[19]周陶洪.旧工业区城市更新策略研究——以北京市为例[D].清华大学硕士学位论文.2005.(ZHOU Taohong.A study of urban planning policy for the urban regeneration in the old industrial district——Beijing as the model[D].The Dissertation for Master Degree of Tsinghua University,2005.)
[20]邹玉.生产性服务业功能区的动力机制解析与规划反思[C].昆明:中国城市规划年会,2012.(ZOU Yu.Dynamic mechanism analysis and planning reflection of the producer service function area[C].Kunming:China's Annual National Planning Conference,2012.)
①本文选取的市北工业园区(1.26km~2)是现市北高新技术服务业园区的一部分。市北高新技术服务业园区总用地为3.13km~2。以共和新路高架为界分东西两部分园区,共和新路以西即原“上海市北工业区”,共和新路以东即原“北上海现代物流园区”。
②上海在2008年《关于推进本市生产性服务业功能区建设的指导意见》中提出,“生产性服务业功能区是指依托现有工业基础,充分利用现有开发区和产业用地,以生产性服务业为发展重点,服务生产经营主体,突出产业转型、产业升级以及产业链延伸,建设形成空间布局合理、产业特色明晰、配套功能完善的功能区域”。上海在2009年首批认定了重点19个生产性服务业功能区,本文涉及到的三个生产性服务业功能区都在其中。
③本文选取张江高科技园区开发建设较为成熟的北区部分。1992年7月,国家级高新区——上海市张江高科技园区开园,面积约25km~2。1999年,上海市委、市府实施“聚焦张江”战略。2006年,正式更名为上海张江高新技术产业开发区,张江高科技园区成为核心园。2011年11月,上海市政府批准在原有基础上扩大范围,张江园区总面积扩大为75.9km~2,包括张江高科技园区北区和中区、张江南区、康桥工业区、上海国际医学园区、合庆工业园区、张江光电子产业园和银行卡产业园。
目录