Pilot-scale supercritical CO₂ extraction of edible insect oil from Tenebrio molitor L. larvae - Influence of extraction conditions on kinetics, defatting performance and compositional properties

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• 作者：Benedict Purschke ; Tobias Stegmann ; Matthias Schreiner and Henry Jä ; ger
• 刊名：European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：119
• 期：2
• 全文大小：652K
• ISSN：1438-9312

文摘

In view of industrial fractionation processes for edible insects, supercritical CO₂ extraction of Tenebrio molitor larval oil was studied. The influence of extraction parameters on defatting of larvae was investigated using a full factorial design. Furthermore, the effect of operating conditions on extraction kinetics, fatty acid composition, and acidity of mealworm oil was evaluated. Pressure, time, and their interaction showed the most significant effects on defatting. Maximal defatting (95%) was achieved at 400/250 bar, 45°C, and 105 min. Extraction kinetics revealed that incrementing pressure increased the solubility of mealworm oil in SC–CO₂ enabling faster extraction. Extracted oils contained 72% unsaturated fatty acids, and oleic acid accounted for 42% of total FAME. Oil composition and acidity were found to be affected by extraction parameters showing the highest amount of low molecular and free fatty acids after slow extraction at 250 bar and 65°C. Use of selective extraction conditions enabled simple time-dependent fractionation and deacidification yielding fractions with tailored fatty acid profiles or facilitating subsequent refining processes, respectively. Defatting performance and oil composition were not substantially different when using hexane as a solvent in comparison to SC–CO₂. Mealworm larvae can be effectively defatted using SC–CO₂ at high pressure and moderate temperature, yielding two valuable fractions: oil- and protein-rich residue.