Imaging Extracellular Lactate In Vitro and In Vivo Using CEST MRI and a Paramagnetic Shift Reagent

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• 作者：Lei Zhang ; Dr. André ; F. Martins ; Yuyan Mai ; Dr. Piyu Zhao ; Dr. Alexander M. Funk ; Dr. M. Veronica Clavijo Jordan ; Dr. Shanrong Zhang ; Dr. Wei Chen ; Dr. Yunkou Wu and Prof. A. Dean Sherry
• 刊名：Chemistry - A European Journal
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 3, 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：23
• 期：8
• 页码：1752-1756
• 全文大小：710K
• ISSN：1521-3765

文摘

Overproduction of lactate is a hallmark of cancer, yet a method to quantitatively measure lactate production by cancer cells is not straight-forward. Chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging (CEST MRI) can potentially be used to image lactate but the small difference in chemical shift of the lactate −OH proton and water proton resonances make it challenging. Like other spectroscopic methods, CEST MRI cannot discriminate intracellular lactate from extracellular lactate. Herein, we demonstrate a relatively simple way to shift the lactate −OH proton resonance far away from water by addition of the paramagnetic shift reagent, EuDO3A, while retaining the CEST properties of lactate itself. The potential of the method was demonstrated by imaging extracellular lactate excreted from lung cancer cells in tissue culture without interference from other components in the culture media and by imaging excess lactate excreted into the bladder of a mouse.