Let
Ak =
Ak(
* denote the left distributive groupoid on {0, 1, …, 2
k − 1} such that
a * 1
a + 1 mod 2
k for every
a Ak. Let
d ≥ 0 and put
r = max {
i; 2
i divides
d}. For
a = Σ
ai2
i Ak,
ai {0, 1}, put
vd(
a) = Σ
aivd(2
i) and
vd (2
i) = 2
(i + 1)2d − 2
i2d. Then
vd :
Ak →
Ak2d is a groupoid homomorphism iff
k ≤ 2
2r + 1.