Adherence evaluation of vented chest seals in a swine skin model

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• 作者：Franç ; oise Arnaud^a ; ^b ; ^{francoise.arnaud.ctr@mail.mil" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Eric Maudlin-Jeronimo^a ; ^{eric.m.maudlin-jeronimo.ctr@mail.mil" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Adam Higgins^a ; ^{adamhiggins84@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Bijan Kheirabadi^c ; ^{bijan.s.kheirabadi.civ@mail.mil" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Richard McCarron^a ; ^b ; ^{richard.m.mccarron.civ@mail.mil" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Daniel Kennedy^d ; ^{danokennedy@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Greggory Housler^d ; ^{greggory.j.housler.civ@mail.mil" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：AAALAC ; Association for Assessment and Accreditation for Laboratory Animal Care ; PTx ; tension pneumothorax ; Wt ; total weight of the printed paper ; Wa ; paper weight of the attached printed section ; Vd ; detachment volume (mL) ; Vb ; breach volume (mL)
• 刊名：Injury
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：October 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：47
• 期：10
• 页码：2097-2104
• 全文大小：481 K

文摘

Perforation of the chest (open pneumothorax) with and without lung injury can cause air accumulation in the chest, positive intrapleural pressure and lead to tension pneumothorax if untreated. The performance of chest seals to prevent tension physiology depends partially on their ability to adhere to the skin and seal the chest wound. Novel non-occlusive vented chest seals were assessed for their adhesiveness on skin of live swine under normal and extreme environmental conditions to simulate austere battlefield conditions.

Methods

Chest seals were applied on the back of the swine on skin that was soiled by various environmental contaminants to represent battlefield situations. A peeling (horizontal rim peeling) and detachment and breaching (vertical pulling) techniques were used to quantify the adhesive performance of vented chest seals. Among eight initially selected vented seals, five (Bolin, Russell, Fast breathe, Hyfin and SAM) were further down-selected based on their superior adherence scores at ambient temperatures. The adherence of these seals was then assessed after approximately 17 h storage at extreme cold (−19.5 °C) and hot (71.5 °C) temperatures.

Results

Adherence scores for peeling (above 90%) and detachment scores (less than 25%) were comparable for four vented chest seals when tested at ambient temperature, except for the Bolin seal which had higher breaching. Under extreme storage temperatures, adherence peeling scores were comparable to those at ambient temperatures for four chest seals. Scores were significantly lower for the Bolin seal at extreme temperatures. This seal also had the highest detachment and breaching scores. In contrast, the Russell, Fast breathe, Hyfin and SAM seals showed similar ability to stay air tight without breaching after hot storage.

Conclusion

No significant difference was found in skin adherence of the five vented chest seals at ambient temperature and the four seals (Russell, Fast breathe, Hyfin and SAM) maintained superior adherence even after exposure to extreme temperatures compared to the Bolin. To select the most effective product from the 5 selected vented chest seals, further functional evaluation of the valve of these chest seals on a chest wound with the potential for tension in the pneumothorax or hemopneumothorax is warranted.