Enhanced biodiesel production from Jatropha oil using calcined waste animal bones as catalyst
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- 作者：Jan Nisara ; pashkalawati@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author ; Rameez Razaqa ; Muhammad Farooqa ; Munawar Iqbala ; b ; Rafaqat Ali Khanc ; Murtaza Sayedc ; Afzal Shahd ; Inayat ur Rahmane
- 关键词：Animal bone ; Heterogeneous catalyst ; Hydroxyapatite ; Jatropha oil ; Transesterification
- 刊名：Renewable Energy
- 出版年：2017
- 出版时间：February 2017
- 年：2017
- 卷：101
- 期：Complete
- 页码：111-119
- 全文大小：1738 K
文摘
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Biodiesel production from Jatropha oil using KOH/calcined waste animal bones.
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Calcinations of the waste animal bones led to increased catalytic activity maximum yield of 96.10% is attained after 3 h.
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Calcination up to 900 °C enhanced the catalyst activity and beyond this temperature calcined bones showed low activity.
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The catalyst could be reutilized up to 4 times without losing much activity.
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The produced biodiesel meets ASTM standard limits.