Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench modulates human T-cell cytokine response

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• 作者：Fabiana N. Fonseca^a ; Genovefa Papanicolaou^b ; Hong Lin^c ; Clara B.S. Lau^d ; Edward J. Kennelly^e ; Barrie R. Cassileth^a ; Susanna Cunningham-Rundles^c ; ^{scrundle@mail.med.cornell.edu" class="auth_mail}
• 关键词：Echinacea ; Human T-cell density ; Neutral and weakly acidic water-soluble extract ; Polysaccharides and phenolic compounds ; Small molecule fingerprint-analysis ; Immune modulation ; Cytokine response
• 刊名：International Immunopharmacology
• 出版年：March, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：19
• 期：1
• 页码：94-102
• 全文大小：665 K

文摘

The study objective was to evaluate the composition of a neutral and weakly acidic water-soluble extract from Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (EchNWA) previously shown to modify murine influenza infection, and to assess immunomodulatory effects on human T-cells. EchNWA extract from fresh aerial parts was extracted with water, ethanolic precipitation, and size-exclusion chromatography. The chemical profile of EchNWA was characterized by chromatography (size-exclusion, HPLC, GC-MS), and small molecule fingerprint analysis performed by HPLC-PDA. Jurkat T-cells at high and low cell density were pretreated or not with doses of EchNWA, followed by activation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus ionomycin (PMA+I). Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon gamma (IFNg) cytokine secretions were measured by multi-cytokine luminex technology. Results showed that EchNWA contains 80% polysaccharides, predominantly a 10 kDa entity; phenolic compounds, cynarin, cichoric and caftaric acids, but no detectable alkylamides. Cytokine production required stimulation and was lower after PMA+I activation in high-density compared to low-density conditions. EchNWA mediated a strong dose-dependent enhancement of high-density T-cell production of IL-2 and IFNg response to PMA+I. EchNWA alone did not stimulate T-cells. EchNWA enhanced mean fluorescence intensity of IL-2 in Jurkat T-cells activated by PMA+1 or ionomycin alone. Conversely EchNWA mediated modest but significant suppression of IFNg response and reduced the percentage of CD25+ T-cells under low-density conditions. Conclusions are that EchNWA polysaccharides, but not phenolic compounds have dose-related adjuvant effects on human T-cell cytokine responses characterized by enhancing and suppressive effects that are regulated by T-cell density.