Clostebol metabolism in man may have inter-individual and inter-ethnic variations.
Sixteen clostebol sulfate metabolites were detected in Caucasian individuals urine.
S1a is a long-term metabolite detectable up to 31 days after administration.
S1a was characterized by GC–MS as 4ξ-chloro-5α-androst-3β-ol-17-one 3β-sulfate.
Inclusion of S1a metabolite to doping control screening methods is advisable.