Clinical profile and containment of the Ebola virus disease outbreak in two large West African cities, Nigeria, July-September 2014
文摘
The outbreak, mostly a severe febrile gastroenteritis syndrome (85% fever, 70% fatigue, 65% diarrhea, 50% vomiting), was in keeping with the West Africa Ebola virus disease pattern.. It began in Africa's most populous city and spread to another large city, but involved only 20 cases, mostly females and health workers; no case management worker was infected. The case fatality rate was low at 40%. A higher mortality was seen in males, those in the older age group (≥40 years), patients with diarrhea, vomiting, or bleeding, and those presenting late to the treatment center. Early case identification (survivors 3 ± 2 days, non-survivors 5 ± 2 days) due to effective contact tracing by epidemiologists/trainee epidemiologists, as well as prompt suspected case evaluation/isolation achieved containment within 2 months.