Estimating the environmental Kuznets curve for Spain by considering fuel oil prices (1874-2011)
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- 作者：Jacint Balaguer ; Manuel Cantavella ; mcantave@uji.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author
- 关键词：Environmental Kuznets curve ; CO2 ; Oil prices ; Autoregressive distributed lag model ; Time series
- 刊名：Ecological Indicators
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：January 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：60
- 期：Complete
- 页码：853-859
- 全文大小：647 K
文摘
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We model the EKC for Spain by using real oil prices as indicator of fuel consumption.
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We estimate an ARDL stable model with long time series (1874–2011).
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Results suggest that oil prices are relevant to capture the effect of polluting energy consumption.
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We obtained a turning point, which is achieved in 1980.
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Oil taxation measures may be particularly useful to reduce the CO2 emissions.