The study population included 163 consecutive patients: 84 patients with hypertension, 36 with diabetes, and 43 who have both hypertension and diabetes; 70 healthy controls were also recruited. Systolic mitral annulus velocity (Sm) by Tissue Doppler and left atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) by M-mode were measured in all subjects.
AVPD was similarly reduced in hypertensives (13.2 ± 2.2 mm) and diabetics (13.5 ± 2.3 mm) when compared with the controls (15.1 ± 2.4 mm), and further depressed in diabetic hypertensives (11.5 ± 3.0 mm). Similar results were found for Sm. General linear model analysis revealed no significant interaction terms between diabetes and hypertension.
Normotensive diabetics and nondiabetic hypertensives show comparable depression in LV longitudinal systolic indices when compared with age- and gender-matched healthy controls; the co-existence of diabetes and hypertension leads to further impairment in LV longitudinal systolic function in an additive manner.