Unlike fluoxetine, ketamine induced persistent antidepressant-like effect in mice.
Ketamine increase cortical, but not [5-HT]ext in the dorsal raphe nucleus.
Increases in cortical 5-HT is required for ketamine’s antidepressant-like activity.
Activation of DRN AMPA receptors and of the prefrontal cortex/brainstem DRN neural circuit are required for ketamine’s antidepressant-like activity in BALB/c mice.