Chemosusceptibility analysis of Plasmodium falciparum imported malaria in Italy

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• 作者：Caramello ; Pietro ; Canta ; Francesca ; Cavecchia ; Ilaria ; Sergi ; Giuseppina ; Balbiano ; Rosanna ; et. al.
• 关键词：P. falciparum ; Imported ; Resistance ; In vitro ; Italy
• 刊名：Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease
• 出版年：2005
• 出版时间：June, 2005
• 年：2005
• 卷：52
• 期：2
• 页码：107-112
• 全文大小：125 K

文摘

A constant surveillance of susceptibility to antimalarials allows to optimize prevention and treatment of malaria in nonendemic countries. In vitro susceptibility of imported Plasmodium falciparum isolates to chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, halofantrin, pyronaridine, and amodiaquine was analyzed by WHO Micro-test Mark III; IC₅₀ and IC₉₀ were calculated by WHO Log-probit. Sixty-seven tests were performed. All the infections were acquired in Africa: 14.9 % in East Africa and 85.1 % in West Africa (WA). IC₅₀ and IC₉₀ (μmol/L) were chloroquine: 0.129 and 0.648; amodiaquine: 1.134 and 5.445; mefloquine: 0.38 and 0.868; quinine: 0.193 and 0.478; halofantrin: 3.27 and 25.35; pyronaridine: 11.504 and 51.996. Higher IC₅₀ and IC₉₀ were observed in East Africa versus West Africa strains. All strains were susceptible to quinine and mefloquine; chloroquine resistance, 14 % ; amodiaquine resistance, 33 % , with cross-resistance to chloroquine (r = 0.93; P < .0001); halofantrin resistance, 3.6 % , no cross-resistance with chloroquine; low susceptibility to pyronaridine (66.7 % ), with cross-resistance with chloroquine (r = 0.38, P < 0.05). Lower levels of chloroquine resistance were observed in 2000–2003 as compared with prior data; thus, the reemergence of chloroquine susceptibility in Africa may be hypothesized.