For integers
d
2 and
ε=0 or 1, let
S1,d−1(ε) denote the sphere product
S1×Sd−1 if
ε=0 and the twisted sphere product
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if
ε=1. The main results of this paper are: (a) if
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then
S1,d−1(ε) has a unique minimal triangulation using
2d+3 vertices, and (b) if
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then
S1,d−1(ε) has minimal triangulations (not unique) using
2d+4 vertices. In this context, a minimal triangulation of a manifold is a triangulation using the least possible number of vertices. The second result confirms a recent conjecture of Lutz. The first result provides the first known infinite family of closed manifolds (other than spheres) for which the minimal triangulation is unique. Actually, we show that while
S1,d−1(ε) has at most one
(2d+3)-vertex triangulation (one if
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, zero otherwise), in sharp contrast, the number of non-isomorphic
(2d+4)-vertex triangulations of these
d-manifolds grows exponentially with
d for either choice of
ε. The result in (a), as well as the minimality part in (b), is a consequence of the following result: (c) for
d
3, there is a unique
(2d+3)-vertex simplicial complex which triangulates a non-simply connected closed manifold of dimension
d. This amazing simplicial complex was first constructed by Kühnel in 1986. Generalizing a 1987 result of Brehm and Kühnel, we prove that (d) any triangulation of a non-simply connected closed
d-manifold requires at least
2d+3 vertices. The result (c) completely describes the case of equality in (d). The proofs rest on the Lower Bound Theorem for normal pseudomanifolds and on a combinatorial version of Alexander duality.