Evidences of habitat displacement between two common soft-bottom SW Atlantic intertidal crabs

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• 作者：Iribarne ; Oscar ; Martinetto ; Paulina ; Schwindt ; Evangelina ; Botto ; Florencia ; Bortolus ; Alejandro ; et. al.
• 关键词：Competition ; Crabs ; Chasmagnathus granulatus ; Cyrtograpsus angulatus ; Habitat selection ; Habitat displacement ; Intertidal
• 刊名：Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
• 出版年：2003
• 出版时间：December 2, 2003
• 年：2003
• 卷：296
• 期：2
• 页码：167-182
• 全文大小：280 K

文摘

The intertidal burrowing crab Chasmagnathus granulatus Dana is the dominant species in soft sediments and vegetated intertidal areas along the SW Atlantic estuaries (southern Brazil 28°S to the northern Argentinean Patagonia 41°S) where it produces dense and extensive burrowing beds. The mud crab Cyrtograpsus angulatus Dana coexists with Ch. granulatus in this area, but it also inhabits areas to the south (northern and central Argentinean Patagonia). A survey covering both areas showed that C. angulatus rarely live in burrows when coexisting with Ch. granulatus, but form large burrowing beds when not coexisting with Ch. granulatus. When both species coexisted, burrowing beds of C. angulatus are restricted to sandy–muddy areas. Only rarely are burrows of C. angulatus found within Ch. granulatus beds. However, when Ch. granulatus were experimentally excluded within their burrowing beds, new settlers of C. angulatus made burrows and maintained them until they reached large size. Paired (inside and outside Ch. granulatus burrowing bed) sampling during high tide using beach nets showed that C. angulatus rarely venture inside the Ch. granulatus crab beds. Other field experiments showed that adults Ch. granulatus always displace C. angulatus from burrows. Furthermore, in several sites located south of the limit of distribution of Ch. granulatus at the Patagonian coast, soft bare intertidals are dominated by burrowing beds of C. angulatus mixed with the congener C. altimanus Dana. Together, these evidences suggest that the mud crab C. angulatus is displaced from soft bottom areas by the burrowing crab Ch. granulatus. It is an example of competitive exclusion through aggressive interference in soft-bottom habitats when the shared resource is the access to sediment surface, a two-dimensional well-defined resource.